Influence of production and storage conditions on subsequent growth and tuber yield of potato (<i>Solanum</i> spp.) in the hot tropics

Midmore, David J.; Roca, José Manuel

doi:10.1017/s0021859600071537

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Since the tuber dry matter may vary from 14% to more than 25% (Midmore & Roca, 1992), according to many factors, it is necessary to multiply tuber yield dry mass by a factor of seven or four, suggesting that fresh matter yield simulation, large errors may occur if an inappropriate dry matter % (specific gravity or % starch) is provided. The tuber specific gravity was not changed by the treatments studied in contrast with other results (Westermann et al, 1988) suggesting that N and plant population did not play an important role in tuber dry matter percentage establishment in this study.…”

Section: Tuber Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato crop growth as affected by nitrogen and plant density

Oliveira

2000

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-Growth and development variables and dry matter characteristics were studied for cultivar Snowden of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to evaluate nitrogen and plant density influence. Disregarding ending of season plant stress, the average number of actives haulms per plant was five and it was not affected by plant spacing. However, seasonal and final number of active haulms per plant were increased at 200 kg/ha of nitrogen. Maximum stem elongation was reached quickly with double density and had the tendency to keep constant at the highest and lowest nitrogen levels after 70 days after planting. Specific stem mass defined as mass per unit stem length was established as an indirect measure of stem thickness and load capacity. Specific leaf mass position in plant was higher at upper stem leaves, increased as plant density increased and did not vary markedly over time throughout the season. The rate of leaf appearance increased drastically due to more branching caused by high nitrogen level, and increased above ground dry matter per plant. Canopy growth and development influenced main tuber yield components. The number of active tubers per haulm decreased after 60 days after planting showing that tuberization is reversible. Tuber growth functions were established allowing the estimate of dry biomass partitioning coefficients for each plant organ.Index terms: Snowden cultivar, plant nutrition, canopy, leaf area, tubers, stems, dry matter, plant population. CRESCIMENTO DA BATATEIRA INFLUENCIADO POR NITROGÊNIO E DENSIDADE DE PLANTIORESUMO -Foram estudadas variáveis de crescimento e desenvolvimento e características da matéria seca da batata (Solanum tuberosum L.), cultivar Snowden, com o objetivo de avaliar a influência do nitrogênio e da densidade de plantio. Desconsiderando o estresse da planta ao final da estação, o número médio de hastes ativas por planta foi de cinco, e não foi afetado pelo espaçamento entre plantas. Entretanto, o número médio estacional e final de hastes ativas por planta foi aumentado com 200 kg/ha de nitrogênio. O comprimento máximo do caule foi atingido rapidamente quando se dobrou a densidade de plantio, e apresentou a tendência de ficar constante nos níveis mais alto e mais baixo de nitrogênio, 70 dias após o plantio. A massa de caule específica, definida como massa por unidade de comprimento de caule, foi estabelecida como uma estimativa da espessura e capacidade de suporte do caule. A massa de folha específica, por posição na planta, foi maior nas folhas mais altas do caule, aumentou com a densidade de plantio, e não variou acentuadamente com o tempo durante o ciclo da cultura. A taxa de surgimento de folhas aumentou acentuadamente, em virtude da maior formação de ramos, causada pelo alto nível de nitrogênio, aumentando a matéria seca acima do solo, por planta. O crescimento e desenvolvimento da parte aérea da planta influenciou os componentes de produção dos tubérculos. O número de tubérculos ativos por haste diminuiu depois de 60 dias após o plantio, o que mostra que a tuberizaçã...

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Section: Tuber Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato crop growth as affected by nitrogen and plant density

Oliveira

2000

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…As daily irradiance was similar at both sites, the two fold or greater yield difference was possibly the combined result of reduced net assimilate available for plant growth (Midmore 1992) and reduced partitioning to the tubers (Ewing 1981) and leaves (Midmore & Prange 1991) at the warmer site. The importance of these effects has been demonstrated by Midmore & Roca (1992) through analysis of the contribution of cumulative intercepted radiation and the mean growing temperature to production of tuber dry weight.…”

Section: Nursery Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cooler climates (Midmore & Roca 1992), which may be overcome to some extent through storage in cold stores (Wiersema & Booth 1985). Short-season, heattolerant lines, which are adapted to the short, cool winters in tropical countries, were particularly susceptible to yield decline following storage and replanting, in part due to the longer storage duration between harvest and replanting (Midmore & Roca 1992). Nevertheless, some examples where seed for warm climate production has been provided from cooler highland production do exist (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planting materials for warm tropic potato production: production and field performance of nursery-produced tubers

1996

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S U M M A R YPotato production in the lowland tropics is constrained by lack of affordable supplies of planting material. Therefore, the potential to produce in situ tuber seed from true potato seed (TPS) seedlings and rooted stem cuttings under nursery conditions in the warm tropics was studied, and their yields were compared with those of the same materials obtained under cool conditions. Subsequently, their field performance in the warm tropics was evaluated.Tuber yield from TPS seedlings and rooted cuttings transplanted in nursery beds under warm conditions ranged from 50 % to < 20 % of that obtained in cool conditions, but reductions in tuber numbers were less marked under warm conditions. Survival of seedlings was less than that of stem cuttings, but tuber numbers of seedlings exceeded those of rooted cuttings by a factor of two or more (e.g. 700 m~2 for seedlings v. 224 m~2 for rooted cuttings). Low tuber number is physiologically inherent in cuttings, as is high tuber number in seedlings. Total tuber yields varied significantly amongst clones grown in the warm climate from rooted cuttings, not always in proportion to the number of tubers produced. Differences in tuber yield and tuber number were less marked between the two TPS progenies studied.The field comparisons highlighted the 30-40 % lower yield potential for warm-climate-produced nursery seed materials. Slower emergence and fewer stems apparently were in part responsible for this effect; however, neither tuber number harvested nor the proportion of marketable tubers was affected by site of production of seed materials. Cutting medium-sized warm-produced tubers (mean 23 g), the use of larger sized whole tubers (10-20 g v. 5-10 g) or increasing the planting density of 5 g tubers from 8-8 to 15-5 plants n r 2 significantly increased yields by 4-9, 2-25 and 3-5 t ha" 1 , respectively, but yields were not increased further by 20-40 g tubers nor by 22-2 plants m~2. Small seedling tubers (< 5 g) can potentially lead to high stem numbers per unit weight of tubers, but their success in plant establishment was hampered in warm climates, especially in the presence of soil pathogens. Cool-climate-produced seedling tubers and tubers from cuttings can compete physiologically with field-produced seed tubers when used as planting materials in the warm tropics. However, with few exceptions, no crop from tubers produced under warm conditions could match the performance of crops from similar cool-produced tubers when planted out in the warm tropics.

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“…Potatoes need moderate amounts of nitrogen and cool nights for good tuber growth. High soil temperatures, in particular, will result in an imbalance in source-sink relation and delay tuber initiation and filling (Midmore 1992;Midmore and Prange 1992;Midmore and Roca 1992). Physiological disorders including malformation of tubers, chain tubers, heat sprouting, and internal heat necrosis resulting in an unacceptable browning of the tuber tissue are among the negative consequences of exposure of potato genotypes to heat stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early generation in vitro assay to identify potato populations and clones tolerant to heat

Khan

Munive

Bonierbale

2014

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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An efficient in vitro system for early generation selection of heat-tolerant potato breeding materials was tested and validated in field conditions. At the family level, family groups expected to be heat tolerant due to their genetic background were identified as heat tolerant. In the in vitro assay, LTVR 9 LTVR, an advanced heat-tolerant breeding population developed at CIP, had 100 % of plants with tubers at 18°C, 73 % at 25°C and 2 % at 32°C in the dark. The results from true seed family level in vitro screening at 25°C and tuber family evaluation under field conditions in Tacna, an arid sub-tropical environment in Southern Peru, were positively correlated (r = 0.57). There was low to moderate correlation between percentage of plants with tubers under 27°C in vitro temperature treatment and harvest index in the in vivo conditions in Majes-Arequipa, San Ramon, and La Molina that followed increasing temperature ranges between the sites. This indicates that the methodology can predict putative heat tolerant clones with a low level of confidence. Low correlation is possibly due to differential responses of the clones to characteristics of the growing environment, such as soil versus media, which were not represented in the in vitro assay, as well as the fact that in the field, day-night temperatures vary during tuberization and tuber filling, and throughout the season, while in vitro temperature and the dark period were kept constant, and conditions were controlled specifically to assess tuberization (tuber induction) at high night temperatures. The ability of the in vitro seedling screening assay to identify families tolerant to high temperatures in an inexpensive and less time consuming way without need of transplanting experimental material to the field will facilitate evaluation of significant samples of genetic resources and improved populations in breeding programs attempting to improve potato for adaptation to new environments and climate change.

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Influence of production and storage conditions on subsequent growth and tuber yield of potato (Solanum spp.) in the hot tropics

Abstract: Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0021859600071537How to cite this article: D. J. Midmore and J. Roca (1992). Influence of production and storage conditions on subsequent growth and tuber yield of potato ( Solanum spp.) in the hot tropics.

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Potato crop growth as affected by nitrogen and plant density

Potato crop growth as affected by nitrogen and plant density

Planting materials for warm tropic potato production: production and field performance of nursery-produced tubers

Early generation in vitro assay to identify potato populations and clones tolerant to heat

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