Influence of procyanidin supplementation on the immune responses of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide

Abstract

In the present study, the effect of dietary procyanidin (PCA, from pine needles) supplementation on the innate immunity of broilers were investigated. The experiment was designed as a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement (eight cages / treatment; six birds (one-day-old) / cage) with dietary PCA concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1%) and two immune treatments (injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.5 mg/kg body weight) or saline). LPS was dissolved in sterile 9 g/L (w/v) NaCl solution at 16, 18, 20 days of age to mimic immune stress. The remaining birds were injected with saline as a placebo. The results indicated that, prior to LPS challenge, the PCA diet had no significant effect on bird growth performance. The injection of LPS was also not associated with any significant changes in poultry performance. LPS injection increased the activity of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) in serum; dietary PCA decreased these concentrations (P < 0.05) in the PCA 0.1% group, further illustrating the immune effect of PCA. In conclusion, PCA supplementation has a beneficial effect on LPS challenge, which may be associated with the inhibition of the secretion of cytokines and decrease in the proinflammatory marker NOx.

Effects of berberine on the growth performance, antioxidative capacity and immune response to lipopolysaccharide challenge in broilers

“…In our study, the serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly increased in chicks challenged with LPS. A similar result was also observed in other studies (Wu, Wang, & Qi, 2017;Zhang et al, 2013). Furthermore, in the current results, we found that berberine can regulate serum IL-1β…”

The effect of green tea on inflammatory mediators: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials

“…In total, 16 articles with 887 participants measured hs-CRP (Basu et al, 2011;Bogdanski et al, 2012;de Maat et al, 2000;Dower et al, 2015;Fukino et al, 2005;Fukino et al, 2008;Gutierrez-Salmean et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2016;Hussain et al, 2017;Mielgo-Ayuso et al, 2014;Mombaini & Jafarirad, 2017;Nogueira et al, 2017;Oyama, Maeda, Kouzuma, et al, 2010;Ryu et al, 2006;Shin et al, 2018;Sone et al, 2011), seven articles with 302 participants measured IL-6 (Basu et al, 2011;de Maat et al, 2000;Dower et al, 2015;Mombaini & Jafarirad, 2017;Nogueira et al, 2017;Oyama, Maeda, Sasaki, et al, 2010;Ryu et al, 2006), and six articles with 256 participants measured TNF-α (Bogdanski et al, 2012;de Maat et al, 2000;Dower et al, 2015;Mombaini & Jafarirad, 2017;Nogueira et al, 2017;Oyama, Maeda, Sasaki, et al, 2010). nevertheless, the results were affected by the sex of participants.…”

“…Interventions were performed by taking both green tea leaves and green tea extract. Participants in four articles took green tea leaves (Oyama, Maeda, Kouzuma, et al, 2010;Oyama, Maeda, Sasaki, et al, 2010;Ryu et al, 2006;Sone et al, 2011), in two articles, both green tea extract and green tea leaves were taken, which were included as two separate effects (Basu et al, 2011;de Maat et al, 2000), and 11 articles had prescribed green tea extract (Bogdanski et al, 2012;Dower et al, 2015;Fukino et al, 2008;Fukino et al, 2005;Gutierrez-Salmean et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2016;Hussain et al, 2017;Mielgo-Ayuso et al, 2014;Mombaini & Jafarirad, 2017;Nogueira et al, 2017;Sone et al, 2011). Our meta-analysis included 875 participants with age ≥18 years old, and intervention duration ranged between 2 and 48 weeks.…”

“…not having a control group (N = 3;Alghadir, Gabr, & Al-Eisa, 2016;Lee et al, 2005;Sung et al, 2005), intervention less than 1 day (N = 3;Alexopoulos et al, 2008;Hsu et al, 2007;Koutelidakis et al, 2014), and using other nutrients beside green tea in the intervention group (N = 16;Bakker et al, 2010;Braga et al, 2012;Cialdella-Kam et al, 2016;de Jesus Romero-Prado et al, 2015;Dominiak, McKinney, Heilbrun, & Sarkar, 2010;Kim et al, 2016;Madaric et al, 2013;Nieman et al, 2013;Nieman et al, 2017;Ormsbee et al, 2014;Peluso et al, 2014;Rondanelli et al, 2013;Rubio-Perez, Albaladejo, Zafrilla, Vidal-Guevara, & Morillas-Ruiz, 2016; Scolaro et al, 2018; Soriano-Maldonado, Hidalgo, Arteaga, de Pascual-Teresa, & Nova, 2014; Thomas, Williams, Sharma, Chaudry, & Bellamy, 2014; Figure 1).Therefore, 17 articles were included in our systematic review(Basu et al, 2011;Bogdanski et al, 2012;de Maat et al, 2000;Dower et al, 2015;Fukino et al, 2008;Fukino, Shimbo, Aoki, Okubo, & Iso, 2005;Gutierrez-Salmean et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2016;Hussain, Habib Ur, & Akhtar, 2017;Mielgo-Ayuso et al, 2014;Mombaini & Jafarirad, 2017;Nogueira, Nogueira Neto, Klein, & Sanjuliani, 2017;Oyama, Maeda, Sasaki, et al, 2010;Ryu et al, 2006;Shin et al, 2018;Sone et al, 2011)…”

In-feed resin acids reduce matrix metalloproteinase activity in the ileal mucosa of healthy broilers without inducing major effects on the gut microbiota

“…Regulatory and consumer pressure to reduce antimicrobial usage in production animals has encouraged studies on alternatives to antimicrobials. Most of these alternatives are feed additives that aim to steer towards a healthy gut microbiota, and towards preserving intestinal integrity and thus reducing excessive inflammatory responses [4, 5]. Examples include short and medium chain fatty acids (e.g.…”