Influence of processing parameters on density, surface morphologies and hardness of as-built Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr alloy manufactured by selective laser melting

Ahmed, Mansur; Obeidi, Muhannad Ahmed; Yin, Shuo; Lupoi, Rocco

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.164760

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…for heat-treated, die-cast Ti-5553 specimens (i.e., 311 ± 8 HV). 14,15,63,64 The slightly lower value for the SLM specimens is attributed to the estimated 1% porosity. Microvoids and pores observed for these SLM Ti-5553 alloys are not typically present in the fully dense die-cast material.…”

Section: Density Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Titanium alloys (Ti) are widely used in the aerospace (e.g., landing gear) and biomedical (e.g., implants) fields owing to their excellent mechanical properties such as high strength, high fracture resistance, good formability, high temperature properties, and corrosion resistance. − The increased demand for these alloys and the high cost of conventional Ti components prepared using subtractive machining have driven interest in the bottom-up fabrication of intricate Ti parts needed for these applications using additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AM is a process whereby parts and components are fabricated from the bottom up by using a layer-by-layer approach following a three-dimensional computer-aided design (3D CAD). This fabrication method contrasts with the conventional subtractive and formative manufacturing techniques, such as extrusion, forging, shape casting, machining, etc. − The notable advantages of AM fabrication include the ability to design and prepare geometrically complex, lightweight structures with improved performance, reduced design-to-manufacture time, minimized waste production, and lower cost. − ,, Two broad classes of metal AM technologies are powder bed fusion (PBF) and directed energy deposition (DED). PBF methods enable manufacturing of geometrically complex products using a heat source, a laser, or electron beam to fuse powder particles layer by layer, forming a solid part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Material Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Titanium Alloy 5553 Prepared by Selective Laser Melting as Processed and after Abrading and Polishing

Dammulla,

Weston,

Mahmud

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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The microstructure, Vickers microhardness, and electrochemical properties of an additive manufactured titanium alloy, Ti-5553 (Ti−5Al−5Mo−5V−3Cr wt %), are reported on. The alloy specimens were fabricated by selective laser melt processing. The surface morphology and electrochemical properties of the as-processed and surface-pretreated (abraded and polished) Ti-5553 specimens were investigated. The as-processed specimens had a nominal density of 4.62 ± 0.04 g/cm 3 . Based on comparison with the reported density for the die-cast alloy, the specimens were 99−100% dense with ca. 1% porosity. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed some micropores, balling features, and fusion pore defects across the surface of the alloy (XZ plane�orthogonal to the build direction). The nominal Vickers microhardness was 292 ± 2 HV. Detailed electrochemical characterization of the as-processed and surface-pretreated alloys revealed reproducible open-circuit potentials (OCPs), linear polarization resistances (R p ), and potentiodynamic polarization curves for both specimen types in naturally aerated 3.5 wt % NaCl at room temperature. For the surface-pretreated alloys, the OCP was 225 mV more noble, the anodic current in the potentiodynamic polarization curves was 72× lower, the cathodic current was 8× lower, and R p was larger by 426× than the values for the as-processed specimens. The collective electrochemical data revealed that the surface-pretreated alloys exhibit greater corrosion resistance than the as-processed alloys due to a reduction of the real area and the formation of a more passivating oxide layer.

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Section: Density Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Material Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Titanium Alloy 5553 Prepared by Selective Laser Melting as Processed and after Abrading and Polishing

Dammulla,

Weston,

Mahmud

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…Li et al [21] studied the mechanical properties of Ti-45Al-2Cr-5Nb alloy processed through SLM and also discussed the effect of laser scanning speed on the fraction of the α2 (hexagonal close-packed structure based on the DO 19 structure of Ti 3 Al) and β/B2 phases. Ahmed et al [22] suggested that fabricating Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr via SLM significantly reduces top surface quality, opens surface pores, and causes microcracks and interlayer cracks with the increase in scanning speed. As revealed by the correlation of microstructure and RT ductility of Ti-22Al-25Nb IMC alloys [23] upon heat treatment, the dominating B2 phase (ordered body-centered cubic) and the precipitation of the largesize lath O (orthorhombic structure) and α2 phase lead to maximum elongation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Scanning Strategies on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-22Al-25Nb Alloy Fabricated through Selective Laser Melting

Lin

Shan

Yang

et al. 2023

Metals

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In this study, Ti-22Al-25Nb intermetallic compound alloys are fabricated through selective laser melting (SLM) at four scanning speeds (600, 700, 800, and 900 mm/s). The microstructure and mechanical properties of the selective laser melting fabricated alloys are systematically evaluated. The results indicate that scanning speed significantly affects microstructure characteristics (e.g., relative density, grain size, texture density, and the precipitation of secondary phases). The variation laws of the relative density, grain size, and texture density are likewise affected by scanning speed. The relative density, grain size, and texture density increase and then decrease with the increase in scanning speed. The alloy fabricated with the lowest scanning speed (600 mm/s) exhibits the maximum relative density, grain size, and texture density. By contrast, the alloy with the highest scanning speed (900 mm/s) exhibits the minimum relative density, grain size, and texture density. Furthermore, the precipitations of the O phase and Ti3Al phase are primarily distributed in regions with a high strain concentration near the pool boundary. The alloy fabricated with a 600 mm/s scanning speed simultaneously achieves the highest strength and elongation, which is closely correlated with the uniform distribution of secondary phases.

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“…It has been found that LPBF processing parameters, e.g., laser power, scan speed, spot size, hatch space, and heat treatment, significantly affect the microstructure features and porosity of as-built Ti-64. Special attention has been paid to the defects, porosity, and powder features of LPBF Ti-64 [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. During LPBF processing, phase transformation of phases in Ti-64 also occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragmentation and Branch Elimination of Primary α′ Martensite in Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Ahmed,

McNamara,

Duggan

et al. 2023

Metals

Self Cite

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Fragmentation and branch elimination are generally noticed in the conventionally processed Ti-6Al-4V. Such a key morphological change produces a positive change in certain mechanical properties. We, for the first time, observe fragmentation and branch elimination of the primary α′ martensite in additively manufactured as-built Ti-6Al-4V and the effect of scan speed on these is studied. Nanovoids inside and on the surface of the primary α′ martensite are assumed to be the starting points of the fragmentation and branch elimination, respectively. At a lower scan speed (250 mm/s) a relatively shorter branch length than that of a higher scan speed (500 mm/s) is observed. Such change in the morphology of primary α′ martensite has positively impacted hardness. This has been discussed in terms of additive manufacturing parameters. Such a fundamental morphological change will further help the understanding of laser powder bed fusion metal additive manufacturing. The hardness of the samples is measured and correlated with the fragmentation of the primary α′ martensite.

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Influence of processing parameters on density, surface morphologies and hardness of as-built Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr alloy manufactured by selective laser melting

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Material Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Titanium Alloy 5553 Prepared by Selective Laser Melting as Processed and after Abrading and Polishing

Material Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Titanium Alloy 5553 Prepared by Selective Laser Melting as Processed and after Abrading and Polishing

Effect of Scanning Strategies on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-22Al-25Nb Alloy Fabricated through Selective Laser Melting

Fragmentation and Branch Elimination of Primary α′ Martensite in Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

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