“…Several studies used heuristic methods for optimized problem solving, such as adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS), genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE), particle swarm optimization (PSO), variable neighborhood strategy adaptive search (VaNSAS), etc. These heuristics are successful in problem solving and lead to better solutions than conventional methods [15,43,44,50,51]. The VaNSAS algorithm was found to give higher accuracy than other algorithms, with an average solution accuracy of 99.92% [44,51,52,54].…”