Influence of processing and orientation print effects on the mechanical and thermal behavior of 3D-Printed ULTEM® 9085 Material

Zaldivar, Rafael J.; Witkin, David B.; McLouth, Tait D.; Patel, Dhruvil; Schmitt, Kara; Nokes, J. P.

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2016.11.007

Cited by 227 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…While each of these factors contributes to differing degrees, the build print orientation with respect to the load direction has been shown to be the most critical in determining final mechanical properties [9]. Figure 2 shows a schematic of the various part mesostructures observed for each of the build designations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Torrado-Perez et al [7] and Hambali et al [8] have shown that the average tensile strength decreases as a function of print orientation relative to the load direction for a number of AM resin systems (ABS, PLA, Nylon, and polycarbonate). Recently, Zaldivar et al showed a similar behavior using ULTEM parts processed in the vertical build direction which resulted in strength utilization values of only 46% that of conventionally processed injection molded ULTEM [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Strengthening of plasma treated 3D printed ABS through epoxy infiltration

et al. 2017

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3D printed fused deposition modeling (FDM) material parts have distinct anisotropic mechanical properties based upon their as-built print orientation. The strength of material printed perpendicular to the deposition layers can be as low as 50% of values for injection molded parts due to less than optimum interlayer fusion, limiting their use for critical applications. The focus of this work is to present a novel way of utilizing design freedoms available in FDM to improve strength in weak orientations. Vertically processed FDM ABS parts were manufactured with cavities printed perpendicular to the interlayer direction and were subsequently plasma surface treated, filled with an epoxy resin, and mechanically tested. Plasma treatment was shown to beneficially modify the surface chemistry, which resulted in a 50% improvement in shear strength over untreated specimens. Samples that underwent plasma treatment and epoxy infiltration demonstrated a 130% increase in flexural strength over that of as-printed FDM material. The failure strain was also shown to increase by two-fold. The addition of milled carbon fiber (MCF) filler within the epoxy infiltrate was also evaluated and was shown to increase the flexural modulus by as much as 76% at 10 wt% loading levels, though negligible increases in strength were observed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Strengthening of plasma treated 3D printed ABS through epoxy infiltration

et al. 2017

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“…This technique can be used to improve fracture toughness with a maximum tensile strength up to 1410 N [5]. The strength of FDM fabricated parts is greatly affected by build orientation [6] and various types of shapes [15]. Different type shapes of pharmaceutical tablets can be printed by this technique [16] but it is significantly affected by surface area to volume ratio having the same mass but little difference in dissolution profiles.…”

Section: Fused Deposition Modeling (Fdm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So there is a need for further advancement in these 3D printing techniques by evaluating different factors like materials, process parameters, environmental conditions which are main obstacles. [5], [6], [2], [7], [8] Selective laser melting(SLM) …”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison and analysis of different 3d printing techniques

2017

IJLTET

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“…In this research, they found that the mean of tensile strength and modulus elasticity of PLA part were 56.6 MPa and 3368 MPa; while for ABS, there were 28.5 MPa and 1807 MPa, respectively. In relation to build orientation, Zaldivar et.al found that the orientation also affected thermal behaviour of 3D-Printed ULTEM 9085 Material [3]. By choosing suitable build orientation and reducing layer thickness, Singh Bual and Kumar could improve the surface finish of the printed part [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of 3D-Printer Process Parameters for Improving Quality of Polylactic Acid Printed Part

A.E¹,

L²,

R.V³

et al. 2017

IJET

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Abstract-Technology of 3D-Printer based on fused deposition material has developed intensively with varying qualities. However, default setting of printing process parameters provided by the manufacturer in some cases does not guarantee quality (dimension error and strength) of the printed part, since there are several process parameters that need to be considered. A 3D-Printer with polylactic acid filament material has been applied in this study. A specimen standard of ASTM D638 Type IV has been used as a tensile strength and dimension error test to represent printed part quality. Keyword -3D-Printer, Optimization, Polylactic Acid (PLA), Taguchi Method, Response Surface Method I. INTRODUCTION Additive manufacturing (AM) or layer manufacturing (LM) technology and it is called 3D printer has developed intensively with varying material types and forms that can be used to build a 3D object. It is gaining ground for manufacturing prototypes, tools and functional end products [1]. Several of existing technologies include selective laser sintering/melting (SLS/M), laser-photo resin curing (SLA), laser-cutting of sheet material (LOM), fusing of melted filament material (FDM), electron beam melting (EBM) and many others. However, although these technologies have been available commercially, there are a wide range of qualities of the machine and the built part and so the price. Recently, the price of the machine is drop and even a small machine-FDM based technology in the kit pack is underway to become home appliances, just like coffee maker. Built part quality of 3D printer (FDM based technology) here is defined on the basis of mechanical strength, surface finish, and dimension error or dimension accuracy. Research related to the mechanical strength of printed parts built by 3D printer can be found in many publications. Tymrak, et.al. investigated tensile strength and modulus elasticity of PLA and ABS parts made by 4 types of open source RepRap 3D printer [2]. They used pattern orientation (0°/90°,+45°/45°) and layer thickness (0.2; 0.3; 0.4 mm) as printing parameters of printing object (ASTM D638). In this research, they found that the mean of tensile strength and modulus elasticity of PLA part were 56.6 MPa and 3368 MPa; while for ABS, there were 28.5 MPa and 1807 MPa, respectively. In relation to build orientation, Zaldivar et.al found that the orientation also affected thermal behaviour of 3D-Printed ULTEM 9085 Material [3]. By choosing suitable build orientation and reducing layer thickness, Singh Bual and Kumar could improve the surface finish of the printed part [4]. Similar research using FDM has also been done to investigate the combination effect of 5 raster angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°) and 3 part orientations (horizontal, vertical and perpendicular) to surface roughness, mechanical characteristic (tensile strength and flexural strength) of ABS printed part, production time and cost [5]. They found that raster angle and part orientation gave effect to surface roughness and mechanical characteristic. Amon...

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Influence of processing and orientation print effects on the mechanical and thermal behavior of 3D-Printed ULTEM® 9085 Material

Cited by 227 publications

References 14 publications

Strengthening of plasma treated 3D printed ABS through epoxy infiltration

Strengthening of plasma treated 3D printed ABS through epoxy infiltration

Comparison and analysis of different 3d printing techniques

Optimization of 3D-Printer Process Parameters for Improving Quality of Polylactic Acid Printed Part

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