Influence of process parameters on the particle–matrix interaction of WC-Co metal matrix composites produced by laser-directed energy deposition

Ostolaza, Marta; Arrizubieta, Jon Iñaki; Queguineur, Antoine; Valtonen, Kati; Lamíkiz, Aitzol; Ituarte, Iñigo Flores

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111172

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The high stiffness/ elastic modulus of C T 2 sintered composite can allude to the equal volume fraction of the Si 3 N 4 /ZrO 2 ceramic reinforcement of the ternary composite, which triggered multiple exothermic (in-situ) reactions with the base matrix during sintering process [25], as mentioned earlier. The reduction in the nano-hardness value recorded for samples C T 1 and C T 3 as compared to C T 2 may be a result of segregation and coalescence [42] experienced during sintering, as well as a poor metallurgical fusion between the titanium alloy and ceramic particles encountered in this study, which might be attributed to the increased ceramic concentration [34,43,44]. Figure 6 displays the ratio-value-plot graphical relationship of yield pressures and the elastic strain to failure of the tri-sintered composites.…”

Section: Nanomechanical and Anti-wear Characteristics Of The Sintered...mentioning

confidence: 70%

Influence of sintering temperature on Ti6Al4V-Si₃N₄-ZrO₂ ternary composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Ogunmefun,

Ayodele,

Bayode

et al. 2024

Manufacturing Rev.

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In this study, Ti6Al4V-ZrO2-Si3N4 ternary composites were fabricated using a novel spark plasma sintering technique at different temperatures between 950-1200 °C, the pressure of 50 MPa, sintering rate of 100 °C/min, and a holding time of 10 min to determine the effect of sintering temperature on the consolidated composites. The microstructures of the fabricated composites were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX). The distinct phases and the nano-mechanical properties of the composite were determined by the X-ray diffractometer and nanoindenter. The results show a non-linear response. At elevated temperatures from the composite sample, CT1-950 °C to the composite sample, CT2-1100 °C, the densification, and nanomechanical properties experienced an increase, and when the temperature is elevated to 1200 °C, composite CT3 declines in values. However, the relative density of all fabricated composites was above 95%, which suggests an overall good densification via the spark plasma sintering technique. The ternary composite fabricated at 1100 °C, (CT2) attained maximum values of Vickers hardness, elastic modulus, and nano hardness at 7380 MPa, 177.91 GPa, and 60.06 GPa, respectively, while composite CT3 declines at 1200 °C.

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Section: Nanomechanical and Anti-wear Characteristics Of The Sintered...mentioning

confidence: 70%

Influence of sintering temperature on Ti6Al4V-Si₃N₄-ZrO₂ ternary composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Ogunmefun,

Ayodele,

Bayode

et al. 2024

Manufacturing Rev.

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“…The reduction in the nano-hardness value can be ascribed to two factors. On the one hand, it could be due to coalescence and segregation [ 52 ] or a poor metallurgical bond between the particles due to higher ceramic content [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. On the other hand, ineffective sinterability is due to the prevailing sintering conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoindentation and Structural Analysis of Sintered TiAl(100−x)-xTaN Composites at Room Temperature

2023

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The nanohardness, elastic modulus, anti-wear, and deformability characteristics of TiAl(100−x)-xTaN composites containing 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 wt.% of TaN were investigated via nanoindentation technique in the present study. The TiAl(100−x)-xTaN composites were successfully fabricated via the spark plasma sintering technique (SPS). The microstructure and phase formation of the TiAl sample constitute a duplex structure of γ and lamellar colonies, and TiAl2, α-Ti, and TiAl phases, respectively. The addition of TaN results in a complex phase formation and pseudo duplex structure. The depth-sensing indentation evaluation of properties was carried out at an ambient temperature through a Berkovich indenter at a prescribed load of 100 mN and a holding time of 10 s. The nanoindentation result showed that the nanohardness and elastic modulus characteristics increased as the TaN addition increased but exhibited a slight drop when the reinforcement was beyond 8 wt.%. At increasing TaN addition, the yield strain (HEr), yield pressure (H3Er2), and elastic recovery index (WeWt) increased, while the plasticity index (WpWt) and the ratio of plastic and elastic work (RPE) reduced. The best mechanical properties were attained at the 8 wt.%TaN addition.

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“…In short, they studied the normalised hardness of the composite samples, but also the hardness achieved by the metal matrix as a result of the microstructural modification [ 145 ]. Ostolaza et al investigated the effect of the processing parameters and the feedstock composition on the hardness of the matrix and on the hardness of the composite in WC-Co coatings through statistical regression methods [ 146 ]. It was concluded that longer interaction times promoted the decomposition of the ceramic particles, which resulted in an increase in the W content in the matrix.…”

Section: Laser-directed Energy Deposition Of Metal Matrix Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Developments to Manufacture Metal Matrix Composites and Functionally Graded Materials through AM: A State-of-the-Art Review

et al. 2023

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Multi-material structure fabrication has the potential to address some critical challenges in today’s industrial paradigm. While conventional manufacturing processes cannot deliver multi-material structures in a single operation, additive manufacturing (AM) has come up as an appealing alternative. In particular, laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) is preferred for multi-material AM. The most relevant applications envisioned for multi-material LDED are alloy design, metal matrix composites (MMC), and functionally graded materials (FGM). Nonetheless, there are still some issues that need to be faced before multi-material L-DED is ready for industrial use. Driven by this need, in this literature review, the suitability of L-DED for multi-material component fabrication is first demonstrated. Then, the main defects associated with multi-material LDED and current opportunities and challenges in the field are reported. In view of the industrial relevance of high-performance coatings as tools to mitigate wear, emphasis is placed on the development of MMCs and FGMs. The identified challenges include—but are not limited to—tightly controlling the composition of the multi-material powder mixture injected into the melt pool; understanding the influence of the thermal history of the process on microstructural aspects, including the interactions between constituents; and studying the in-service behaviours of MMCs and FGMs with regard to their durability and failure modes.

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Influence of process parameters on the particle–matrix interaction of WC-Co metal matrix composites produced by laser-directed energy deposition

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Influence of sintering temperature on Ti6Al4V-Si₃N₄-ZrO₂ ternary composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Influence of sintering temperature on Ti6Al4V-Si₃N₄-ZrO₂ ternary composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Nanoindentation and Structural Analysis of Sintered TiAl(100−x)-xTaN Composites at Room Temperature

Latest Developments to Manufacture Metal Matrix Composites and Functionally Graded Materials through AM: A State-of-the-Art Review

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Influence of process parameters on the particle–matrix interaction of WC-Co metal matrix composites produced by laser-directed energy deposition

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Influence of sintering temperature on Ti6Al4V-Si3N4-ZrO2 ternary composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Influence of sintering temperature on Ti6Al4V-Si3N4-ZrO2 ternary composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Nanoindentation and Structural Analysis of Sintered TiAl(100−x)-xTaN Composites at Room Temperature

Latest Developments to Manufacture Metal Matrix Composites and Functionally Graded Materials through AM: A State-of-the-Art Review

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Product

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Influence of sintering temperature on Ti6Al4V-Si₃N₄-ZrO₂ ternary composites prepared by spark plasma sintering

Influence of sintering temperature on Ti6Al4V-Si₃N₄-ZrO₂ ternary composites prepared by spark plasma sintering