Influence of pressure losses on compressor performance in a pressurized fuel cell air supply system for airplane applications

Schröter, Jonas; Graf, Tobias; Frank, Daniel L.; Bauer, Christiane; Kallo, Josef; Willich, Caroline

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.03.218

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For further evaluation of the electric turbocharger in a system environment, a fuel cell stack performance map is calculated. In the work of Schröter et al [2], measurement data and a modelled performance map for an automotive stack with a design power output of P f c,Des = 64 kW of the type NM5 by ElringKlinger was presented. The data are used in the present work to calibrate a generic fuel cell model based on the basic electrochemical equations [38] for a stoichiometry of λ = 1.7 according to [2].…”

Section: Fuel Cell Stack Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the work of Schröter et al [2], measurement data and a modelled performance map for an automotive stack with a design power output of P f c,Des = 64 kW of the type NM5 by ElringKlinger was presented. The data are used in the present work to calibrate a generic fuel cell model based on the basic electrochemical equations [38] for a stoichiometry of λ = 1.7 according to [2]. For the present study, a performance map is calculated at an operating temperature of 346.15 K, which is 7 K below [2].…”

Section: Fuel Cell Stack Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data are used in the present work to calibrate a generic fuel cell model based on the basic electrochemical equations [38] for a stoichiometry of λ = 1.7 according to [2]. For the present study, a performance map is calculated at an operating temperature of 346.15 K, which is 7 K below [2]. Furthermore, the stack's design power is doubled to P f c,Des = 128 kW at the same design point pressure p f c,Des = 2.5 bar to account for the use case present in this study.…”

Section: Fuel Cell Stack Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the help of hydrogen from green sources, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can be operated in mobile machines without direct emission of CO 2 . Currently, this is the most common type used in this field of application [1,2]. In particular, rapid refuelling due to the drop-in character of hydrogen in contrast to long charging times is one of the greatest advantages of these systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Condensation on the System Performance of a Fuel Cell Turbocharger

et al. 2022

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A mobile fuel cell systems power output can be increased by pressure amplification using an electric turbocharger. These devices are subject to frequent transient manoeuvres due to a multitude of load changes during the mission in automotive applications. In this paper, the authors describe a simulation approach for an electric turbocharger, considering the impact of moist air and condensation within the cathode gas supply system. Therefore, two simulation approaches are used: an iterative simulation method and one based on a set of ordinary differential equations. Additional information is included from turbine performance maps taking into account condensation using Euler–Lagrange CFD simulations, which are presented. The iterative calculation approach is well suited to show the impact of condensation and moist air on the steady state thermodynamic cycle and yields a significant shift of the steady state operating line towards the surge line. It is shown that a substantial risk of surge occurs during transient deceleration manoeuvres triggered by a load step.

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Section: Fuel Cell Stack Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fuel Cell Stack Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fuel Cell Stack Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Condensation on the System Performance of a Fuel Cell Turbocharger

et al. 2022

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“…After double purification by an air filter, clean air is sent into the compressor, and the air compressor boosts the air to reach the target pressure of stacking. 17 Because the air compressor adopts centrifugal pump body, the high-speed rotation of blades will produce huge noise, which will affect the comfort of the whole vehicle, 18 so a silencer will be connected at the rear end of the air compressor to eliminate the noise. After the air compressor pressurizes the air, the temperature of the air will rise correspondingly.…”

Section: Air Supply Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Control of the Fuel Cell Air Supply System Based on Fuzzy Neural Network Decoupling

Jia¹,

Zhang

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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In order to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization, hydrogen plays an important role in the new global energy pattern, and its development has also promoted the research of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The air supply system is an important subsystem of hydrogen fuel cell engine. The increase of air supply can improve the output characteristics of a fuel cell, but excessive gas supply will destroy the pressure balance of the anode and cathode. In the actual operation of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell, considering the load change, it is necessary not only to ensure the stability of reactor pressure but also to meet the rapid response of inlet pressure and flow in the process of change. Therefore, the coordinated control of the two is the key to improving fuel cell output performance. In this paper, the dynamic model of the intake system is built based on the mechanism and experimental data. On this basis, the double closed-loop proportion integration differentiation (PID) control and feedforward compensation decoupling PID control are carried out for the air supply system, respectively. Then, the fuzzy neural network decoupling control strategy is proposed to make up for the shortcomings that the double closed-loop PID cannot achieve decoupling and the feedforward compensation decoupling does not have adaptability. The results show that the fuzzy neural network control can realize the decoupling between air intake flow and pressure and ensure that the air intake flow and pressure have a good follow-up, and the system’s response speed is fast.

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Predictive Control Scheme for Fuel Cell Air Compressor Efficiency Enhancement with Surge‐ and Choke‐Constrained Awareness

Ye,

Zhong,

Shen

et al. 2024

Advcd Theory and Sims

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The efficiency and dynamic response of air compressors are crucial for stability and lifespan of hydrogen fuel cells. A predictive control scheme with surge‐ and choke‐constrained awareness is proposed to ensure safe and efficient operation of air compressors in this study. The proposed scheme consists of an efficiency enhancement model predictive control (EE‐MPC), and an improved active disturbance rejection control (IADRC). Surge‐ and choke‐constrained awareness is achieved by comparing predicted air flow with surge and choke limitations. Simultaneously, the EE‐MPC is constrained with oxygen excess ratio (OER) and obtains optimal solution by searching active set. The reference flow and supply manifold pressure trajectories for IADRC are generated by EE‐MPC. A designed piecewise differentiable nonlinear smoothing function is embedded in IADRC. The disturbances are estimated for coordinating flow and pressure control. Under China heavy‐duty commercial vehicle test cycle for bus conditions, root‐mean‐squared errors (RMSEs) of flow and pressure are 3.27 g s−1 and 1.88 × 103 Pa, respectively, and the mean efficiency can be enhanced by 13.4% compared to the MPC with fixed OER. Finally, a controller hardware‐in‐the‐loop test is conducted, with flow and pressure RMSEs of 2.48 g s−1 and 4.28 × 103 Pa between the test and simulation, respectively.

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Influence of pressure losses on compressor performance in a pressurized fuel cell air supply system for airplane applications

Cited by 31 publications

References 16 publications

Impact of Condensation on the System Performance of a Fuel Cell Turbocharger

Impact of Condensation on the System Performance of a Fuel Cell Turbocharger

Coordinated Control of the Fuel Cell Air Supply System Based on Fuzzy Neural Network Decoupling

Predictive Control Scheme for Fuel Cell Air Compressor Efficiency Enhancement with Surge‐ and Choke‐Constrained Awareness

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