Influence of preoperative degree of tooth loosening and thickness of wire on the rigidity of wire composite splint

Abstract

Context: A wire composite splint (WCS) is most commonly used in clinical practice for the management of luxation dental injuries (LDIs). Wire thickness and adhesive point dimensions influence the rigidity of WCS. However, the influence of presplint tooth mobility on the rigidity of splint is not yet addressed. Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the optimal thickness of WCS that achieves physiologic mobility in teeth with varying degrees of loosening (DoL) in a simulated LDI model. Settings and Design: In vitro study. Materials and Methods: Three typodont models with resin teeth were used. Right central incisor (Tooth 11) was simulated as an injured tooth and adjacent right lateral and left central incisor teeth (12 and21) acted as uninjured teeth. Each typodont model was modified to reproduce DoL 1, 2, and 3 in tooth 11 and categorized as Groups I, II, and III, respectively. The simulated injured tooth 11 was splinted with adjacent teeth 12 and 21 using 0.3, 0.5, and 0.8 mm WCS. Postsplinting DoL was assessed with Periotest. Statistical Analysis Used: Two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test were used for intragroup and intergroup comparisons of pre- and postsplinting Periotest values (PTVs). Friedman's two-way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for the intragroup and intergroup comparison of splint effect. Results: Irrespective of the thickness of WCS, the postsplint PTVs corresponding to DoL 0 for simulated injured right central incisor tooth (11) were not achieved in Groups II and III. In three study groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the splint effect produced by 0.3 mm versus 0.5 mm WCS or 0.5 mm versus 0.8 mm WCS for tooth 11. Conclusions: The postsplint DoL for a luxated tooth is affected by both the degree of presplint tooth mobility and the thickness of the wire.

Effect of wire diameter and extent of wire composite splint on the mobility of luxated and anchor primary teeth: A typodont study

“…This protocol was similar to that suggested by Aravind et al where the preoperative mobility could influence the Post-PV values. 13 The replantation of an avulsed primary incisor has not been recommended due to the risks of damage to permanent teeth during replantation, ankylosis resulting in abnormal eruption of permanent teeth, and poor compliance resulting in increased chances of failure which can be a threat to life when aspirated. 21 Yet this scenario was simulated in order to create an extreme form of luxation and test the hypothesis.…”

“…Several authors have used a variety of in vitro models such as extracted teeth mounted in acrylic resin or irreversible hydrocolloid, resin teeth in typodont, and stainless steel teeth in an aluminum base. 13,18,19,22 Periotest M is a dynamic technique that assesses the mobility of a tooth or implant based on the natural dampening properties of the periodontium. 23 It is a simple, reliable, reproducible, and objective procedure with a high level of sensitivity and specificity.…”

“…Periotest readings were measured seven times for each tooth in the typodont model as per a previous study. 13 Further, the socket of tooth 51 was enlarged by 1 mm in all dimensions using a slow-speed handpiece and tapered fissure bur. This was done to simulate the alveolar socket of an avulsed tooth.…”

The types and application progress of fixation for tooth dislocation injury

“…Nylon wire, also known as fishing line, is commonly used with a diameter of 0.13-0.25mm and a low elastic modulus. Studies have shown that nylon wire has high flexibility and aesthetics [37] . Baena et al [25] also proved through universal testing machine that in the case of external biting of injured teeth, Nylon wire splint shows the characteristics of no stress distribution.…”

Methods and applications of finite element analysis in dental trauma research: A scoping review

“…Sometimes it is difficult to derive such information from purely clinical studies. Over the years, strategies employing experimental research, 6 mechanical methods, 7,8 photo‐elastic stress analysis, 9 and computer simulations 10 have all been used. Among them, finite element analysis (FEA) has emerged as a powerful tool for assessing and anticipating the mechanical response of dental tissues, prosthesis, and restorations 11 …”