Influence of Posture on the Range of Axial Rotation and Coupled Lateral Flexion of the Thoracic Spine

Transient pain developers show increased abdominal muscle activity during prolonged sitting

“…Regional differences in relative sagittal angles have been reported for various upright sitting postures in the mid-thoracic, lower-thoracic and lumbar regions (Claus et al, 2009), although differences between the regions were not quantified. Willems et al (1996) and Edmondston et al (2007) reported thoracic range of motion during seated trials, but did not collect EMG data. With the previous thoracic-based studies being of short-duration (less than 30 s), it remains unknown how thoracic spine angles will behave over a prolonged period of time.…”

Biomechanics of the thorax – research evidence and clinical expertise

“…They measured the orientation of the facets of the zygapophyseal joints in 240 specimens from T1-L5; over 4080 vertebrae were measured. They found an asymmetric orientation (differences between the left and right sides) to be a 'normal characteristic in the Table 1 Findings from six studies that investigated the regional biomechanics of the thorax under varying conditions [5][6][7][8][9][10] Authors…”

“…In the vertebrosternal (VS -thoracic rings 3-6) and vertebrochondral(VC -thoracic rings [7][8][9][10] regions of the thorax the superior articular process is inclined slightly anterior in the coronal plane; 22 therefore, a small amount of anterior translation of the superior vertebra occurs in conjunction with flexion. b. Arthrokinematics: the inferior articular process of the superior vertebra glides superiorly and slightly anterior (following the joint's orientation), which may be variable both regionally and between sides of the same segment.…”

Effect of Trunk Flexion on Muscle Activity, Motion of Scapular and Scapulohumeral Rhythm

“…또한 팔 올림의 연속적인 운동학 에 등뼈의 움직임은 중요하다 (Crosbie, Kilbreath, Hollmann & York, 2008;Theodoridis & Ruston, 2002). 한쪽 팔 올림동안 위 등 뼈는 같은 쪽으로 돌림하고 반대쪽으로 기울어지지만 (Crosbie, Kilbreath, Hollmann & York, 2008), 몸통의 곧은 자세보다 굽힘 자세에서 등뼈의 축 돌림은 감소하고, 축 돌림과 짝 움직임인 가쪽 굽힘은 증가하며 (Edmondston et al, 2007), 몸통의 굽힘 자 세에서 이러한 등뼈 짝 움직임의 변화는 팔의 기능적인 제한과 연관된다 (Theodoridis & Ruston, 2002 (Park, Park & Lee, 2010;Thigpen et al, 2010), 팔을 올리는 동안 어깨뼈의 평균 움 직임이 변한다 (Thigpen et al, 2010). 곧은 자세와 비교하여 구부 정한 자세에서 위팔뼈의 정적인 벌림 동안 어깨뼈 움직임의 변 화가 관찰되었으나, 근육 생리학적 측정은 이루어 지지 않았다 (Kebaetse, McClure & Pratt, 1999 …”