Influence of pore‐pressure on the event‐size distribution of induced earthquakes

Bachmann, C. E.; Wiemer, Stefan; Goertz‐Allmann, Bettina P.; Woessner, J.

doi:10.1029/2012gl051480

Cited by 222 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Isotropic moment tensor components may relate to the occurrence of long-period events (Bame and Fehler, 1986;Ferrazzini et al, 1990;Jousset et al, 2010). The locations of the events with high isotropic components also coincide with previously found regions of high -values (Bachmann et al, 2012) and low stress drops (Goertz-Allmann et al, 2011).…”

Section: Basel Switzerlandsupporting

confidence: 64%

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Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs – An overview

et al. 2014

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In this overview we report results of analysing induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs in various tectonic settings within the framework of the European Geothermal Engineering Integrating Mitigation of Induced Seismicity in Reservoirs (GEISER) project. In the reconnaissance phase of a field, the subsurface fault mapping, in situ stress and the seismic network are of primary interest in order to help assess the geothermal resource. The hypocentres of the observed seismic events (seismic cloud) are dependent on the design of the installed network, the used velocity model and the applied location technique. During the stimulation phase, the attention is turned to reservoir hydraulics (e.g., fluid pressure, injection volume) and its relation to larger magnitude seismic events, their source characteristics and occurrence in space and time. A change in isotropic components of the full waveform moment tensor is observed for events close to the injection well (tensile character) as compared to events further away from the injection well (shear character). Tensile events coincide with high Gutenberg-Richter -values and low Brune stress drop values. The stress regime in the reservoir controls the direction of the fracture growth at depth, as indicated by the extent of the seismic cloud detected. Stress magnitudes are important in multiple stimulation of wells, where little or no seismicity is observed until the previous maximum stress level is exceeded (Kaiser Effect). Prior to drilling, obtaining a 3D -wave ( ) and -wave velocity ( ) model down to reservoir depth is recommended. In the stimulation phase, we recommend to monitor and to locate seismicity with high precision (decametre) in real-time and to perform local 4D tomography for velocity ratio ( / ). During exploitation, one should use observed and model induced seismicity to forward estimate seismic hazard so that field operators are in a position to adjust well hydraulics (rate and volume of the fluid injected) when induced events start to occur far away from the boundary of the seismic cloud.

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Section: Basel Switzerlandsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The results of a high-resolution -value mapping by Bachmann et al (2012) are summarized in Fig. 6, which shows the highly-systematic spatial heterogeneity of the -values associated with the seismicity induced by the Basel EGS.…”

Section: Basel Switzerlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs – An overview

et al. 2014

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“…Goertz-Allmann and Wiemer (2012) found a substantial increase of the mean probability for the time period after shut-in and also at further distances from the injection point, compared to a constant b-value model. Their results not only explained the observations at Basel (GoertzAllmann et al 2011, Bachmann et al 2012), but were also consistent with observations at other geothermal projects (Kwiatek et al 2013, Charlety et al 2007, Evans et al 2012). The presented modeling and magnitude probability estimation technique could be used in a refined traffic light system, where the future induced seismicity magnitude probability is estimated based on the previously recorded seismicity of an ongoing operation.…”

Section: Characterization Of Large Magnitude Events (Lme)supporting

confidence: 80%

“…Spatial variations of source parameters such as stress drop and b-value of the Basel induced seismicity have been estimated by Goertz-Allmann et al (2011) and Bachmann et al (2012), respectively. It has been observed that stress drops are greatly reduced and b-values increases in the vicinity of the injection point where pore pressures are highest.…”

Section: Characterization Of Large Magnitude Events (Lme)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Geothermal Energy Projects in Europe and the GEISER Project on Induced Seismicity

Yoon

Bruhn²,

Zang³

2013

Journal of Korean Society For Rock Mechanics

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This article provides an overview on the geothermal energy research in Europe and one of the EU funded projects 'GEISER (Geothermal Engineering Integrating Mitigation of Induced Seismicity in Reservoirs)' in which the authors were involved. More details are given for description of GEISER, in particular, about aims and discussions and how the project was managed. Emphasis is given to one of the work packages 'Induced Seismicity and Large Magnitude Events (LME)' and results of this work package are summarized. This article intends to summarize the lessons learned in the GEISER project and give recommendations to future geothermal projects by creating Enhanced Geothermal Systems hydraulic stimulation where induced seismicity issues are expected to be a major issue and obstacle.

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“…to or larger than those for tectonic earthquakes [Shapiro et al, 2011;Bachmann et al, 2012]; however, studies on induced earthquakes in hydrocarbon reservoirs have found lower values [Friberg et al, 2014;Skoumal et al, 2014Skoumal et al, , 2015. Rabak et al [2010] observe a b value of 0.9 for the 2011 Enola swarm (~20 km southeast of the Guy-Greenbrier region) and speculate that natural fluid migration may trigger the swarm.…”

Section: 1002/2015gl065170mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation in the magnitude‐frequency distribution during the Guy‐Greenbrier earthquake sequence

Huang

Beroza

2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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The recent increase in earthquake activity in the central U.S. has led to concerns about the hazard posed by induced earthquakes. Understanding earthquake phenomena and monitoring in all settings can be improved by the detection of small events; however, the catalog of induced earthquakes is incomplete for small events due to the sparse instrumentation. This is particularly true in settings of low background seismicity, like the central U.S. We apply single‐station template matching to detect small earthquakes during the Guy‐Greenbrier sequence in central Arkansas and find over 100 times more earthquakes than are registered in the Advanced National Seismic System catalog between July 2010 and October 2011. A complete catalog over nearly 4 units of magnitude enables us to analyze the magnitude‐frequency distribution of induced earthquakes. We find that earthquakes deviated from the Gutenberg‐Richter statistics during the operation of nearby injection wells but returned to Gutenberg‐Richter statistics after the wells were shut in.

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Influence of pore‐pressure on the event‐size distribution of induced earthquakes

Cited by 222 publications

References 31 publications

Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs – An overview

Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs – An overview

Overview of Geothermal Energy Projects in Europe and the GEISER Project on Induced Seismicity

Temporal variation in the magnitude‐frequency distribution during the Guy‐Greenbrier earthquake sequence

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