Influence of Population Density on Size, Fecundity, and Developmental Rate of Insects in Culture

Peters, and T M; Barbosa, Pedro

doi:10.1146/annurev.en.22.010177.002243

Cited by 188 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Intraspecific competition for food during the larval phase leads to serious problems for A. monuste orseis performance as described for others insects, e. g. long time for pupation and high larval mortality (PETERS & BARBOSA, 1977) and reduced adult weight and number of eggs per female (BANKS & THOMPSON, 1987;HIRSCHBERGER, 1999). Competition experiments in the laboratory showed that small females of A. monuste orseis cannot lay eggs (inviable reproductive strategy).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intraspecific competition and food deprivation on the immature phase of Ascia monuste orseis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae)

Barros-Bellanda

Zucoloto

2002

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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The effect of intraspecific competition for food on larvae and of food deprivation for 24 h on 2nd and 4th instars of Ascia monuste orseis (Godart, 1819) was investigated. Intraspecific competition for food during the immature phase leads to long pupation time, high larval mortality, reduced adult weight, and reduced number of eggs per female. In food deprivation experiments, the major differences in A. monuste orseis performance were long pupation time in the group that was deprived during the 2nd instar; and a negative effect on reproduction in the group that was deprived during the 4th instar, with reduced adult weight. Both food deprived periods tested are critical, and deprivation during the 2nd instar seems to have an effect as drastic as during the 4th instar because it directly affects larvae survival. Immatures can resist food deprivation for 24 h during the 2nd and 4th instars (low mortality), have a compensatory behaviour (high ingestion and biomass gain) during the 5th instar, and do not demonstrate cannibalistic behaviour during food deprivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intraspecific competition and food deprivation on the immature phase of Ascia monuste orseis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae)

Barros-Bellanda

Zucoloto

2002

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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“…A. obliqua) which can survive to maturity in a given fruit can depend on fruit size, nutritional quality and condition, as well as on larval density. Larval density above certain point typically results in a reduction in body size, delays development or increases mortality (Peters & Barbosa 1977). The mean pupal period decreased from the first to the last sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and pupal mortality factors of Anastrepha obliqua (Macq.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) along the fruiting season of the host Spondias dulcis L.

Bressan-Nascimento¹

2001

Neotrop. Entomol.

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Emergência e Fatores de Mortalidade Pupal deAnastrepha obliqua (Macq.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) no Período de Frutificação do Hospedeiro Spondias dulcis L.RESUMO -A emergência e os fatores de mortalidade pupal de Anastrepha obliqua (Macq.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) durante a frutificação da planta hospedeira Spondias dulcis L. (Anacardiaceae) foram estudados no campo e no laboratório em Sertãozinho, SP. Nas duas condições experimentais, após os períodos de emergência, foram registrados os números de pupários fechados e abertos. Os números de moscas e parasitóides emergidos dos pupários foram registrados. Os pupários fechados foram analisados e, conforme o estado da pupa dentro do pupário, as mesmas foram classificadas em vivas (dormentes) e mortas. Os fatores de mortalidade considerados foram: dessecação, doenças e predação. Foram analisados 1204 pupários, sendo que de 53% emergiram adultos e 47% permaneceram fechados; do total de pupários fechados, 25,3% eram pupas em estado de dormência e 21,7% eram pupas mortas por predadores, doenças e dessecação. Das pupas em estado de dormência, 17,8% eram moscas e somente 0,2% completaram o estágio pupal; 7,5% continham parasitóides, sendo que 4,7% deles emergiram. O parasitismo inicial foi de 8,6% e após a emergência das pupas em dormência aumentou para 15,5%. A ação predatória em condições naturais foi acentuada, especialmente quando o tempo de exposição foi prolongado. Em condições de laboratório, a dessecação foi o principal fator de mortalidade pupal. O parasitismo também contribuiu significativamente para a mortalidade pupal enquanto que, as doenças provocadas por patógenos (fungos e bactérias), parecem ter sido menos significativas. Predadores e parasitóides atuaram efetivamente no controle populacional dessa mosca-das-frutas. Entretanto, os fatores que regulam o estado de dormência, ainda devem ser determinados. A estimativa do estado de dormência, assim como a dos fatores bióticos e abióticos que atuam no estágio pupal são importantes para o entendimento das estratégias adaptativas de A.obliqua e seus parasitóides, como também para o desenvolvimento de métodos eficientes de controle em regiões tropicais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Insecta, mosca-das-frutas, estágio pupal, bioecologia.ABSTRACT -The emergence and pupal mortality factors of Anastrepha obliqua (Macq.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) along the fruiting season of the host plant, Spondias dulcis L. (Anarcadiaceae), were studied in Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil, under field and laboratory conditions. Eclosed and uneclosed puparia were recorded in two experimental conditions. The number of emerged flies and parasitoids were determined in the eclosed puparia. The uneclosed puparia were inspected and classified into living (dormant) and dead. The following pupal mortality factors were considered: disease, desiccation, predation and parasitism. Out of the total of 1,204 puparia analyzed, 53% emerged and 47% remained uneclosed. Out of the uneclosed puparia, 25.3% contained dormant pupae and 21.7% showed no signs of emergence. Among the dor...

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“…Another factor that greatly affects many aspects of insects is density, although, as pointed out, this trait is complex and under natural condition interacts with a highly variable environment including temperature (Peters and Barbosa 1977). In Musca domestica (L.), density has been found to affect traits such as life expectancy and wing retention (Rockstein et al 1981).…”

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confidence: 99%

Temperature and Population Density Effects on Locomotor Activity of <I>Musca domestica</I> (Diptera: Muscidae)

et al. 2013

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The behavior of ectotherm organisms is affected by both abiotic and biotic factors. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the synergistic effects on behavioral traits. This study examined the effect of temperature and density on locomotor activity of Musca domestica (L.). Locomotor activity was measured for both sexes and at four densities (with mixed sexes) during a full light and dark (L:D) cycle at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40ºC. Locomotor activity during daytime increased with temperature at all densities until reaching 30ºC and then decreased. Highdensity treatments significantly reduced the locomotor activity per fly, except at 15ºC. For both sexes, daytime activity also increased with temperature until reaching 30 and 35ºC for males and females, respectively, and thereafter decreased. Furthermore, males showed a significantly higher and more predictable locomotor activity than females. During nighttime, locomotor activity was considerably lower for all treatments. Altogether the results of the current study show that there is a significant interaction of temperature and density on daytime locomotor activity of M. domestica and that houseflies are likely to show significant changes in locomotor activity with change in temperature. BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne's Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use.Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BEHAVIOR Temperature and Population Density Effects on Locomotor Activity ofMusca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) ABSTRACT The behavior of ectotherm organisms is affected by both abiotic and biotic factors. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the synergistic effects on behavioral traits. This study examined the effect of temperature and density on locomotor activity of Musca domestica (L.). Locomotor activity was measured for both sexes and at four densities (with mixed sexes) during a full light and dark (L:D) cycle at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40ЊC. Locomotor activity during daytime increased with temperature at all densities until reaching 30ЊC and then decreased. Highdensity treatments signiÞcantly reduced the locomotor activity per ßy, except at 15ЊC. For both sexes, daytime activity also increased with temperature until reaching 30 and 35ЊC for males and females, respectively, and thereafter decreased. Furthermore, males showed a signiÞcantly higher and more predictable locomotor activity than females. During nighttime, locomotor activity ...

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Influence of Population Density on Size, Fecundity, and Developmental Rate of Insects in Culture

Cited by 188 publications

References 85 publications

Effects of intraspecific competition and food deprivation on the immature phase of Ascia monuste orseis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae)

Effects of intraspecific competition and food deprivation on the immature phase of Ascia monuste orseis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae)

Emergence and pupal mortality factors of Anastrepha obliqua (Macq.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) along the fruiting season of the host Spondias dulcis L.

Temperature and Population Density Effects on Locomotor Activity of <I>Musca domestica</I> (Diptera: Muscidae)

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