Influence of plant growth regulators on the shoot culture of Phyllanthus glaucus and accumulation of indolizidine alkaloids with evaluation of antimicrobial activity

Abstract

In the presented studies, plant growth regulators (PGRs) were evaluated for their influence on the shoot development and the content of biologically active indolizidine alkaloids, securinine, and allosecurinine in Phyllanthus glaucus (Euphorbiaceae) in vitro shoot cultures. The experiments included five cytokinins [kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 2-isopentenyladenine, and thidiazuron] and two auxins [indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)] used in a different concentrations. The results were tested for statistical differences. The highest number of shoot per explant (11.5) was achieved on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with IBA 0.5 mg/L and BAP 1.0 mg/L, and the optimal rooting response (87.50%) was obtained on MS medium-containing IBA 1.0 mg/L. The rooted plantlets were transferred into the soil and the survival rate was 70.0%. The differences in accumulation of particular alkaloids were revealed depending on PGRs present in harvesting medium. The highest total concentration of alkaloids was determined in the shoot culture grown in the presence of BAP 0.5 mg/L [5.82 mg/g dry weight (DW)]. In routine propagation, MS medium supplemented with IBA 0.5 mg/L and BAP 0.5 mg/L was used as a compromise between the relatively high proliferation rate (~ 8 shoots/explant) and the total content of alkaloids (4.73 mg/g DW). The antimicrobial activity of the biomass and isolated securinine was evaluated towards 12 strains of bacteria and one fungal strain. The differences in bacterial susceptibility against P. glaucus extract and securinine were showed. The MBC values range from 0.01 to 5 mg/mL and from 0.063 to 0.250 mg/mL, respectively, for extract and securinine.

Influence of plant growth regulators on morphogenic response, biomass and camptothecin production in the callus cultures of Chonemorpha fragrans (Moon) Alston

“…In previous study with the N. nimmoniana callus cultures, biomass and CPT production were influenced by the culture medium type and cultivation duration [19]. In the study, significant proportion of the synthesized CPT their combination with auxins or auxins-alone, and concentrations supplemented in the culture medium influenced the levels of securinega-type alkaloids and biomass production in a differential manner [74]. Only BAP enhanced production of the alkaloids while the other cytokinins showed inhibitory effect to the biosynthesis.…”

Influence of plant growth regulators on morphogenic response, biomass and camptothecin production in the callus cultures of Chonemorpha fragrans (moon) Alston

“…Biosynthesis of indolizidine alkaloids in the callus cultures of S. suffruticosa was enhanced by the type and concentration of cytokinins amended in the cultivation medium, as well as its synergistic action with auxins (Raj et al, 2015). In Phyllanthus glaucus shoot cultures, cytokinins types, their combination with auxins or auxins-alone and concentrations supplemented in the cultivation medium influenced the levels of securinega-type alkaloids and biomass production in differential manner (Sparzak-Stefanowska et al, 2019). Only BAP enhanced production of the alkaloids while other cytokinins showed inhibitory effect to the securinega-type alkaloids biosynthesis.…”

Influence of plant growth regulators on morphogenic response, biomass and camptothecin production in the callus cultures of Chonemorpha fragrans (Moon) Alston

“…Biosynthesis of indolizidine alkaloids in the callus cultures of S. suffruticosa was enhanced by the type and concentration of cytokinins amended in the cultivation medium, as well as its synergistic action with auxins [42]. In Phyllanthus glaucus shoot cultures, cytokinins types, their combination with auxins or auxins-alone and concentrations supplemented in the cultivation medium influenced the levels of securinega-type alkaloids and biomass production in differential manner [74]. Only BAP enhanced production of the alkaloids while other cytokinins showed inhibitory effect to the securinega-type alkaloids biosynthesis.…”