Influence of Pattern Recognition Receptor Ligands on Induction of Innate Immunity and Control of Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Asadi-Asadabad, Sahar; Sarvnaz, Hamzeh; Amiri, Mohammad Mehdi; Mobini, Maryam; Khoshnoodi, Jalal; Hojjat‐Farsangi, Mohammad; Jeddi‐Tehrani, Mahmood; Golsaz‐Shirazi, Forough; Shokri, Fazel

doi:10.1089/vim.2021.0040

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Based on our results, Poly(I:C)-HMW and Poly(I:C)-HMW/LyoVec were able to stimulate HepG2-NTCP cells and leading to significant secretion of IL-8. 35 We showed that amongst the A3 gene family, A3C, A3F and to a lesser extent A3B genes were highly expressed on differentiated HepG2-NTCP cells. In contrast, A3A, A3DE, A3G and A3H genes expression was low or almost undetectable.…”

Section: Innate Immunity In Hepg2-ntcp Cellsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…We have recently evaluated the expression pattern of PRRs, including TLR1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10 and RIG-I/MDA5 in differentiated HepG2-NTCP cells and observed that RIG-I and MDA5 were highly expressed, while TLR1, 3, 6 and 9 were moderately expressed and TLR2, 4, 7 and 10 were expressed at low levels in these cells. 35 The expression level of RIG-I and its adaptor (MAVS) have also been recently investigated in HepG2-NTCP and HepaRG-NTCP cells and both genes were expressed at a similar level in the two hepatic cell lines. 37 We have recently analysed the functionality of TLR3 and RIG-I/MDA5 after stimulation the differentiated HepG2-NTCP cells with their corresponding ligands by measuring the secretion of IL-8, as a cytokine secreted after TLR stimulation.…”

Section: Innate Immunity In Hepg2-ntcp Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, A3A, A3DE, A3G and A3H genes expression was low or almost undetectable. 35 Cytosolic DNA sensor, cGAS, was recently identified as an important part of innate immunity that recognizes foreign DNA. 56 cGAS and its adaptor protein, STING, have been detected in HepG2-NTCP cells.…”

Section: Innate Immunity In Hepg2-ntcp Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our results showed that Poly Poly(I:C)-HMW stimulation. 35 Cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS, as an important part of innate immunity, is expressed in the human liver, PHH, HepG2-NTCP cells and human liver chimeric mice. 36 In addition, STING, as the adaptor of cGAS, is also expressed in HepG2-NTCP cells, suggesting a functional cGAS-STING pathway in this cell line.…”

Section: Innate Immunity In Hepg2-ntcp Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross talk between hepatitis B virus and innate immunity of hepatocytes

Golsaz‐Shirazi

Shokri

2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Innate immunity plays a major role in controlling viral infections. Recent exploration of sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide receptor as specific hepatitis B virus (HBV) receptor in human hepatocytes has provided appropriate cell culture tools to study the innate immunity of hepatocytes and its cross talk with HBV. In this review, we give a brief update on interaction between HBV and innate immunity using the currently available in vitro cellular models that support the complete life cycle of HBV. We will discuss how HBV can act as a 'stealth' virus to counteract the innate immune responses mediated by the pathogen recognition receptors of hepatocytes and escape the first line of surveillance of the host immune system. We give an overview of the cellular components of innate immunity that present in these in vitro models and discuss how activating these innate immunity components may contribute to the eradication of HBV infection. K E Y W O R D Scell culture models, hepatitis B virus (HBV), innate immunity, pattern recognition receptors, toll-like receptors | INTRODUCTIONHepatitis B virus (HBV) selectively infects hepatocytes of human liver. 1,2 Despite the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccination, HBV is still a major public health problem with more than 240 million chronic carriers worldwide of whom almost a third are at high risk of developing serious HBV-related complications, such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 3,4 The first line of defence against viruses is innate immunity. Most viruses are sensed and detected by innate immunity at early stages of infection, leading to initiation of anti-viral responses such as production of interferons (IFNs) and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. [5][6][7] Induction of these cytokines during viral infection occurs through two distinct signalling pathways: subfamilies of toll-like receptors (TLRs) as well as other innate immunity signalling pathways that sense RNA or DNA of viruses, such as retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)/melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)/STING. 6,8 However, HBV has been considered a 'stealth' virus and before hepatocytes can sense and respond to the

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Section: Innate Immunity In Hepg2-ntcp Cellsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Innate Immunity In Hepg2-ntcp Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Innate Immunity In Hepg2-ntcp Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Innate Immunity In Hepg2-ntcp Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cross talk between hepatitis B virus and innate immunity of hepatocytes

Golsaz‐Shirazi

Shokri

2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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“…In an investigation of a therapeutic synthetic long peptide (SLP)-based vaccine to treat chronic HBV, it has been shown that TLR2-ligand conjugation of the prototype HBV-core SLP triggered functional patient T cell responses ex vivo [133], suggesting that TLR agonists may also act as potential adjuvants in HBV vaccines. A recent study has also demonstrated the ability of PRR ligands to induce innate immunity toward HBV control [134]. Therefore, the use of TLR agonists in HBV therapeutics/vaccines seems promising and could be an effective tool in the control of HBV chronic infection, which requires further investigation.…”

Section: Potential Of Tlr Agonists As Immunomodulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toll-Like Receptor Response to Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Potential of TLR Agonists as Immunomodulators for Treating Chronic Hepatitis B: An Overview

Kayesh

Kohara

Tsukiyama-Kohara

2021

IJMS

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Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health problem. The immunopathology of the disease, especially the interplay between HBV and host innate immunity, is poorly understood. Moreover, inconsistent literature on HBV and host innate immunity has led to controversies. However, recently, there has been an increase in the number of studies that have highlighted the link between innate immune responses, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and chronic HBV infection. TLRs are the key sensing molecules that detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns and regulate the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, thereby shaping the adaptive immunity. The suppression of TLR response has been reported in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), as well as in other models, including tree shrews, suggesting an association of TLR response in HBV chronicity. Additionally, TLR agonists have been reported to improve the host innate immune response against HBV infection, highlighting the potential of these agonists as immunomodulators for enhancing CHB treatment. In this study, we discuss the current understanding of host innate immune responses during HBV infection, particularly focusing on the TLR response and TLR agonists as immunomodulators.

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