Influence of parameters of modifying oxygen-containing atmosphere on oxynitriding of titanium alloys

N-doped titanate nanostructures on gradient surface layer of one dimensional nanofibers synthesized on Ti electrode by chemical and thermal treatments

“…An enhanced level of N-doping was conrmed by the TEM observations of several N-H-titanates and Ti-oxynitrides and the absence of the poorly crystallized sheet-like H-titanate at the top surface of CT800. The characteristic curvy features 19 observed by FE-SEM at the top surface of CT800 (Fig. 2a) further conrm the Ti-oxynitrides.…”

“…The calculated cubic lattice parameter of 4.22 Å in the CT700 and CT800 samples lies between that of TiN and TiO, and closely matches the reported values of Ti-oxynitride. [17][18][19] In addition, the sharp peaks of Ti are shown at 38.42 2q and 40.17 2q in the TF-XRD of CT600 and CT700, respectively. These peaks are shied slightly towards lower 2q angles to 37.88 2q and 39.96 2q in the TF-XRD of CT800.…”

“…The broad peaks at 36.82 2q and 42.74 2q in the TF-XRD of CT700 and CT800 are assigned to Ti-oxynitride [17][18][19] and their intensities increase with increasing temperature. Ti-oxynitride is reported to be formed by the substitution of N by O in the TiN lattice.…”

“…Ti-oxynitride is reported to be formed by the substitution of N by O in the TiN lattice. [17][18][19] Since the size of O is smaller than that of N, the cubic lattice parameter of TiN decreases with O substitution. The cubic lattice parameter of TiN and TiO are 4.241 Å and 4.185 Å, respectively.…”

“…Similar kinds of curvy surface features were observed using SEM imaging on Ti metal aer heat treatments at 600-900 C in N 2 gas atmosphere and represent the characteristics of Ti-oxynitrides. 19 Thus, the curvy features on the surface of CT800 indicate Ti-oxynitrides. High magnication images of the surfaces of CT600 (Fig.…”