Influence of Oyster Mushroom Waste on Growth Performance, Immunity and Intestinal Morphology Compared With Antibiotics in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Oyster mushroom waste (OMW) is a by-product of the agriculture industry with valuable antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, and prebiotic properties. This by-product might be a useful alternative to antibiotic growth stimulators in poultry nutrition. The purpose of this research was to test the impact of OMW on the immune responses and on the morphology of intestine of broiler chickens. Four dietary therapies with five replicas of 15 birds in each, totalling 300 day-Ross 308 broiler chickens, were utilized in this study. Control chickens were fed a mixed diet that included a maize-soybean meal complemented by 1 and 2% OMW in addition to the basal diet. Furthermore, Enramycin (125 g/kg) was added to the control diet as an antibiotic. Throughout this experiment, performance was studied as well as the immune response to the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) and intestinal morphological traits. A substantial surge was noted in body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI) of chickens after the addition of 1% OMW (p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, feed supplementation with 2% OMW, compared with the control diet, produced no noteworthy increase in BWG or the feed conversion rate (FCR). Antibiotic addition, on the other hand, increased serum cholesterol (p ≤ 0.05). After 42 days, neither OMW nor antibiotic addition affected organ mass. In contrast, antibiotic addition reduced the small intestine percentage, crypt depth and villus height (p ≤ 0.05). The Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV) antibody titer improved after feed supplementation with 1% OMW comparing with the control and antibiotic diet group. Furthermore, OMW supplementation decreased the heterophil-to-lymphocyte H/L ratio (p ≤ 0.05). The use of OMW led to a reduction in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the breast and liver and an increase in glutathione peroxidase. It helped to reduce glutathione, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase. In conclusion, the impact of OMW were dose-dependent, and the use of 1% OMW in broiler diets enhanced their growth and immunity. Nonetheless, supplementation with 2% OMW produced conflicting results.

Does Pleurotus ostreatus influence health status and meat quality attributes of broiler chickens?

“…Inclusion of dried mushroom in diets has been reported to increase synthesis of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione S-transferase production in meat (Giannenas et al 2010, Mahfuz et al 2020b, Mahfuz et al 2020a, thereby affirming the increased enzyme activity in the present study. GSH-Px activity has been discovered to decreased after antibiotics treatment, therefore the positive effect exhibited by Pleurotus ostreatus affirms reports of studies of its strong evidence of antioxidant activity in vitro (Hassan et al 2020). Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive substances was highest at 2000 mg/l but least in meat obtained from the control group and 4000 mg/l.…”

“…The increased serum albumin content observed at day 56 may be related to direct effect of the antioxidant compounds such as phenols, ascorbic acid, vitamin E and β-carotene (Yang et al 2002, Ekunseitan et al 2017) contained in Pleurotus ostreatus capable of positively influencing the immune status of the birds, cellular response, maintenance of oncotic pressure and balance (Melilo 2013, de Lima et al 2020. This outcome of the current study contradicts Hassan et al (2020) who observed no effect dietary supplementation of oyster mushroom blood total protein, total albumin, globulin, or urea nitrogen concentrations between the treatment groups and control.…”

Expression of Concern: Garlic (Allium sativum) and mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) powder: Investigation of performance, immune organs and humoural and cellular immune response in broilers

“…affect lymphoid organ weights(Attia & Al-Harthi, 2015;Hassan et al, 2020;Mahfuz et al, 2018;Shamsi et al, 2015).Natural antioxidants maintain the health of animals and humans by regulating immune routes that adjust and improve the detrimental traces of inordinate generation of reactive oxygen species(Puertollano et al, 2011). In the current trial, the NDV titre increased withTA B L E 2Abbreviations: DWG, daily weight gain; DFI, daily feed intake; FCR, Feed conversion ratio; GP, garlic powder; MP, mushroom powder; SEM, standard error of means.TA B L E 3…”

Evaluation of mushroom waste compost on broiler body composition, nutrient absorption and adipose metabolism

“…In addition, because of the traditional recognition of low-energy, high-fibre feed ingredients in animal feed, animal breeder are usually rarely willing to increase the fibre content of animal diets (Buxton and Redfearn 1997). However, previous studies have repeatedly shown that the addition of high fibre is beneficial to animal health (Desai et al 2016;Teng et al 2017;Hassan et al 2020). In addition to increasing the strength of the animal's intestinal barrier, high fibre also has a relief effect on the animal's inflammatory response (Zou et al 2018).…”

“…However, the inevitable by-products of crop production are often not effectively used. Common agricultural by-products include wheat bran, bean hull, rice bran, straw, and corn stalks, olive cake and prosopis pod (El-Ghamry et al 2005;Eshel et al 2014;Jones et al 2019;Al-Harthi et al 2019aHassan et al 2020). At present, many agricultural by-products have been incinerated, buried or used as adjusting materials for poultry and livestock compost.…”