Influence of optical material properties on strong coupling in organic semiconductor based microcavities

Tropf, Laura Christine; Dietrich, Christof P.; Herbst, Stefanie; Kanibolotsky, Alexander L.; Skabara, Peter J.; Würthner, Frank; Samuel, Ifor D. W.; Gather, Malte C.; Höfling, Sven

doi:10.1063/1.4978646

Cited by 31 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…(A similar experimental result was reported, without explanation, in ref. .) Their spectral positions follow two low‐wavelength branches of the calculated dispersion curve, Figure d, triangles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…On the other hand, if the coupling energy exceeds relaxation and dephasing rates of interacting oscillators (e.g., excitons and resonant cavities), the strong coupling regime, manifested by the Rabi splitting of hybrid excited states and the corresponding avoided crossing behavior of the dispersion curves, is taking place. In this case, the energy eigenvalues can alter dramatically (≈1 eV), leading to a change of the surface potential, electric conductivity, and (much stronger than in a weak coupling regime) change of the energy transfer and pathways of chemical reactions . The strong coupling is, reportedly, enabled by vacuum fluctuations and does not require photons .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Coupling of the First and Second Excited States of R6G Dye with the Fabry–Perot Cavity

Tanyi

Harrison

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Coupling of macroscopic ensembles of highly concentrated R6G molecules with aluminum and silver Fabry–Perot cavities of different sizes, in which one or two standing wave modes are in resonance with the absorption transition(s) of the dye molecules, have been studied. (i) It has been found that strong coupling of the cavity with one molecular eigenstate (S0→S1 transition) does not perturb the energies of the other molecular states. (ii) The S0→S2 absorption transition is too weak to strongly couple to the resonant cavity (“λ” standing wave mode). However, the resonant cavity causes a blue shift of the S0→S2 excitation band. (iii) The splitting of the dispersion curve is theoretically predicted and experimentally observed at strong coupling of the cavity resonance (“λ” standing wave mode) with the material resonances of Ag, including bound electron and “epsilon equal zero” transitions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Coupling of the First and Second Excited States of R6G Dye with the Fabry–Perot Cavity

Tanyi

Harrison

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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“…The nonradiative decay mechanism in DPPT‐BT might be enhanced by further negative detuning, as more vibrational modes of the thiophene, DPP, and BT units are located at just slightly higher energies of 169–187 meV (1366–1510 cm −1 ) . So far there are only a handful examples of polymers showing strong coupling, and further investigation into the particular LP population mechanisms of these materials is highly desirable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastrong Coupling of Electrically Pumped Near‐Infrared Exciton‐Polaritons in High Mobility Polymers

Held

Graf

Zakharko

et al. 2017

Advanced Optical Materials

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two new hybridized modes appear-the upper (UP) and lower polariton (LP). These manifest in a characteristic anticrossing of the almost dispersionless exciton and the parabolic photon dispersion. From the dispersion of the polariton modes, the coupling potential (V A ), which is proportional to the observed minimal splitting between UP and LP, can be deduced. Organic materials favor particularly high coupling potentials (V A > 100 meV) due to their large oscillator strength and are ideal to create exciton-polaritons at room-temperature due to their large exciton binding energies. [1][2][3][4] The unique combination of both light and matter character in excitonpolaritons results in fascinating properties, for example, polaritons can reach a macroscopic occupation of the ground state (condensation) at room-temperature with coherent light emission, so-called polariton lasing, at lower thresholds than conventional photon lasing. [5][6][7][8][9] They may also affect chemical reactions and there have been suggestions that they can even influence charge transport. [10,11] Polariton emission typically occurs from the LP branch due to relaxation enabled by the excitonic character of the polaritons. Owing to their hybrid excitonic-photonic character, the emission linewidth of the LP is typically narrowed for many organic systems and can be spectrally tuned by adjusting the cavity resonance. [4] Further, if the coupling potential of the hybrid system exceeds about 20% of the exciton energy, the regime of ultrastrong coupling is reached, for which new intriguing phenomena are predicted and have also been observed to some extent. [12][13][14][15] Emission from the lower polariton in the ultrastrong coupling regime shows very low dispersion and thus minimal angular color shift while maintaining the narrow linewidth of the mixed state. [13,16] This feature makes the ultrastrong coupling regime attractive for color-pure emission from electrically driven lightemitting devices. Semiconducting donor-acceptor polymers show unusually high oscillator strength at low photon energies [17] and are thus ideal materials to achieve ultrastrong coupling. At the same time these polymers exhibit large ambipolar charge carrier mobilities, which render them interesting for electrical generation of exciton-polaritons. [18,19] In previous work light-emitting diode (LED) structures were used to achieve electrically driven exciton-polariton emission. In these structures, the cavity mirrors also acted as the injection electrodes. [15,[20][21][22][23][24] In case of organic LEDs (OLEDs), metallic anodes and cathodes (e.g., silver or aluminum) were Exciton-polaritons are quasiparticles with hybrid light-matter properties that may be used in new optoelectronic devices. Here, electrically pumped ultrastrongly coupled exciton-polaritons in a high-mobility donor-acceptor copolymer are demonstrated by integrating a light-emitting field-effect transistor into a metal-clad microcavity. Near-infrared electroluminescence is emitted exclusively from the lower pol...

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“…Especially polariton condensation and polariton lasing have not yet been observed. Other polymers with more inhomogeneous broadening (including PFO, see Figure 6c) also show strong coupling [370] and even electrically pumped exciton-polaritons in cavity-integrated FETs. Plumhof et al could demonstrated polariton condensation at room temperature with a MeLPPP film in a high quality DBR microcavity.…”

Section: Exciton-polaritons In Microcavitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nonlinearity is caused by stimulated scattering into the polariton ground state, which was further corroborated by long‐range phase coherence. Other polymers with more inhomogeneous broadening (including PFO, see Figure c) also show strong coupling and even electrically pumped exciton–polaritons in cavity‐integrated FETs …”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes or Very Rigid Conjugated Polymers: A Comparison

Zaumseil

2018

Adv Elect Materials

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With the ability to produce large amounts of purely semiconducting and even monochiral dispersions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) their application as a bulk material in thin film devices on a large scale becomes feasible. Their physical properties, processing, and final devices are quite similar to those of semiconducting polymers. In the extreme case one may view carbon nanotubes as very long, rigid, and fully conjugated polymers. This analogy raises the question whether the knowledge accumulated over the last two decades of processing and studying conjugated polymers could be transferred to solution-processed nanotube devices. Here, the optical and electronic properties of both materials in solution and in thin films are discussed and compared with a focus on their application in optoelectronic devices. Some striking similarities and common issues are highlighted to show the connection between conjugated polymers and SWCNTs as 1D semiconductors.

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Influence of optical material properties on strong coupling in organic semiconductor based microcavities

Cited by 31 publications

References 29 publications

Coupling of the First and Second Excited States of R6G Dye with the Fabry–Perot Cavity

Coupling of the First and Second Excited States of R6G Dye with the Fabry–Perot Cavity

Ultrastrong Coupling of Electrically Pumped Near‐Infrared Exciton‐Polaritons in High Mobility Polymers

Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes or Very Rigid Conjugated Polymers: A Comparison

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