Influence of occlusal vertical dimension on lip positions at smile in completely dentulous adults

Abstract

Aim: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of increased vertical dimension on the lip positions at smile in dentulous subjects. Settings and Design: Invivo - comparative study. Materials and Methods: Thirty individuals aged between 22 and 30 years were selected for the study. Poly-vinyl siloxane (Jet Bite, Coltene, Switzerland) interocclusal bite records of varying thickness of +1, +2, +3, and +4 mm were made using articulated stone casts for all the participants, respectively. Posed smile photographs at different increased vertical dimensions of +1, +2, +3, and +4 mm were captured with D-SLR camera (Nikon D3200 of 18 megapixels with macro lens, Japan) mounted on tripod stand keeping a uniform distance of five feet from the face. Head positioning device (Genoray CBCT Machine Papaya 3D Plus, Unicorn DenMart, India) was used to stabilize the head position of the participants. Interlabial gap height, intercommissural width, smile index (width/height ratio), incisal edge-to-upper lip distance, incisal edge-to-lower lip distance, and display zone area measurements were made in AutoCAD software (Autodesk, Inc., California, USA). Statistical Analysis Used: One-way repeated measures ANOVA tests (α = 0.05) and Bonferroni's post hoc tests were performed for statistical analysis. Results: With increasing occlusal vertical dimension, the interlabial gap height, incisal edge-to-lower lip distance, and display zone area increased significantly ( P < 0.001). The smile index decreased significantly as the occlusal vertical dimension increased ( P < 0.001). No significant difference was found in intercommissural width and incisal edge-to-upper lip distance. Conclusion: It was found that an increase in occlusal vertical dimension led to an increase in interlabial gap height, incisal edge-to-lower lip distance, and display zone area measurements, whereas the width of smile and incisal edge-to-upper lip distance did not change with increasing occlusal vertical dimension.

Effect of Increasing Occlusal Vertical Dimension on Smile Parameters

“…Study done by Alvítez-Temoche D et al 19 In this study, a significant increase in display zone area was noted with increase in OVD with a high standard deviation that indicates a considerable amount of display zone area variation in participants. Similar result was obtained in study done by Alvítez-Temoche D et al 19 , Parmer et al 20 , Razzaque et al 11 and Chou et al 21 . So, as there is no significant change in position of maxillary lip with increase in OVD, the increase in display zone area due to increased OVD may lead to exposure of more mandibular teeth leading to unesthetic smile.…”

“…The mean value found in this current study was less compared to the previous studies. These variations can be justified by the point of reference for increasing OVD and the difference in the study population between studies.Study done by Alvítez-Temoche D et al19 , Parmer et al20 , Razzaque et al11 and Chou et al21 , found no significant change in intercommisural width with increase in OVD, which was similar to this current study. Contrary to this, study done by Sun J et al22 found significant change in intercommisural width with increase in OVD.…”

“…, Parmer et al20 , Razzaque et al11 and Chou et al21 , found significant increase in interlabial gap height with increase in OVD, which was similar to this current study. The mean interlabial gap height at +0 mm was 10.70 mm, 10.27 mm, 11.57 mm, and 10.42 mm from study done by Alvítez-Temoche D et al19 , Parmer et al20 , Razzaque et al 11 and Chou et al 21 respectively.…”

“…, Parmer et al20 , Razzaque et al11 and Chou et al21 , found significant increase in interlabial gap height with increase in OVD, which was similar to this current study. The mean interlabial gap height at +0 mm was 10.70 mm, 10.27 mm, 11.57 mm, and 10.42 mm from study done by Alvítez-Temoche D et al19 , Parmer et al20 , Razzaque et al 11 and Chou et al 21 respectively. Whereas, the mean interlabial gap height at +4 mm was 12.91, 16.13mm, 17.59 mm and 13.48 mm from study done by Alvítez-Temoche D et al 19 , Parmer et al 20 , Razzaque et al 11 and Chou et al 21 respectively.…”

Reabilitação estética com laminados cerâmicos após gengivectomia - relato de caso

“…Quando o objetivo é uma reabilitação bucal completa e o paciente apresenta perda de DVO, é importante que o cirurgião-dentista observe que mesmo reestabelecendo a DVO perdida a exposição gengival e corredor bucal se mantém o mesmo 11 . Então, como nesse relato de caso a queixa do paciente também envolvia uma insatisfação com a exposição gengival excessiva, foi necessário realizar uma gengivectomia, para aumentar a coroa clínica removendo a gengiva em excesso.…”