Influence of Obligatory Mouth Breathing, During Realistic Activities, on Voice Measures

Sivasankar, M. Preeti; Erickson-Levendoski, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.007

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…In the case of some subjects, jitter measurements increased over 50% after merely 10 min of inhalation of very dry air. Similar studies have replicated these findings with different methodologies, demonstrating that oral breathing (which, when contrasted to baseline nasal breathing, results in less treated/humidified air reaching the larynx) is directly associated with increases in PTP and PPE (20). Hydration and increased ambient humidity are positively associated with reduced PTP and PPE and, crucially, with decreases in jitter and shimmer (21)(22)(23)(24).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 54%

Climate, vocal folds, and tonal languages: Connecting the physiological and geographic dots

Everett

Blasí

Roberts

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

144

126

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We summarize a number of findings in laryngology demonstrating that perturbations of phonation, including increased jitter and shimmer, are associated with desiccated ambient air. We predict that, given the relative imprecision of vocal fold vibration in desiccated versus humid contexts, arid and cold ecologies should be less amenable, when contrasted to warm and humid ecologies, to the development of languages with phonemic tone, especially complex tone. This prediction is supported by data from two large independently coded databases representing 3,700+ languages. Languages with complex tonality have generally not developed in very cold or otherwise desiccated climates, in accordance with the physiologically based predictions. The predicted global geographic-linguistic association is shown to operate within continents, within major language families, and across language isolates. Our results offer evidence that human sound systems are influenced by environmental factors.climate | language | adaptation | tone A standard assumption in linguistics is that sound systems are immune to ecological effects (1). This presumption has been called into question by several recent studies providing evidence for a correlation between aspects of phonology (such as sonority) and climatic and geographic factors (such as temperature, plant cover, or terrain), as well as behaviors associated with such factors (2-9). Most recently, a correlation was uncovered between ejective sounds and regions of high elevation in a sample of nearly 600 languages (10). Although two plausible physiological motivations are offered in ref. 10 for the correlation between ejective use and reduced ambient air pressure, those explanations have yet to be supported by experimental evidence. The uncovered patterns could be epiphenomenal, and in general, the cross-linguistic statistical studies in question have not been buttressed by experimental support (11).In this study, we offer evidence for a negative correlation between linguistic tone and characteristic rates of desiccation in ambient air. In contradistinction to the aforementioned studies offering geographic/phonetic correlations, however, we suggest this correlation is predicted by extensive experimental research on the properties of the human larynx. This research, which has been conducted by numerous laryngologists over the last decade and a half, has not been previously tied to the distribution of the world's tonal languages. We submit that the research predicts that the relatively precise manipulation of the vocal folds associated with tone, especially complex tone, should be more difficult to achieve in arid climates-particularly very cold ones-when contrasted to warmer and more humid climates. We offer global, continental, and intralinguistic-family data consistent with the expected geographic/tonemic association. Our results cannot facilely be ascribed to well-known phylogenetic and areal relatedness. We conclude by suggesting that the most reasonable interpretation of the data is that the a...

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 54%

Climate, vocal folds, and tonal languages: Connecting the physiological and geographic dots

Everett

Blasí

Roberts

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

144

126

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“…12,13 Environmental humidity influences voice production, presumably due to its relationship with vocal fold surface fluid. Low environmental humidity exposure 1,12,14,15 and obligatory mouth-breathing 8,[16][17][18] increase phonation threshold pressure 19 (PTP; the minimum amount of pressure required to initiate and sustain vocal fold oscillation) and vocal effort. Humidified air environments improve vocal fold function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing nebulized water versus saline after laryngeal desiccation challenge in Sjögren's Syndrome

et al. 2013

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“…Similarly, the rate of airflow during nebulized treatment administration likely influences the vocal fold hydration‐related effect. Other research indicates that breathing rapidly during exertion increases phonation threshold pressure . Therefore, ultrasonic small particle nebulizers might be more effective for topical vocal fold hydration treatment applications because they require much lower airflow rates to deliver particles to the vocal folds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Internal perturbations include acute dehydration, systemic extracellular fluid reductions, and possibly medical conditions or activities that draw fluid away from epithelial cells. External perturbations might include low environmental humidity, mouth breathing, breathing during physical exertion, smoking, and the use of certain inhalers . Dehydrated vocal folds stiffen, surface adhesion worsens, and subglottic pressure increases .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nebulized isotonic saline improves voice production in Sjögren's syndrome

et al. 2015

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Influence of Obligatory Mouth Breathing, During Realistic Activities, on Voice Measures

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Climate, vocal folds, and tonal languages: Connecting the physiological and geographic dots

Climate, vocal folds, and tonal languages: Connecting the physiological and geographic dots

Comparing nebulized water versus saline after laryngeal desiccation challenge in Sjögren's Syndrome

Nebulized isotonic saline improves voice production in Sjögren's syndrome

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