Influence of nicotine on positive affect in anhedonic smokers

Cook, Jessica W.; Spring, Bonnie; McChargue, Dennis E.

doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0688-5

Cited by 71 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Dichotomizing current smoking status limited our ability to investigate certain lines of inquiry; future studies of smoking and PTSD in orofacial pain populations would do well to use a valid measure of smoking or a nicotine dependence scale as a continuous variable. Our discussion of possible links among motivation to regulate affect, outcome expectancies, and the moderating impact of smoking on the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and affective distress appears to be consistent with our data and with the characteristics of smoking in PTSD as noted in previous studies (Beckham et al 2004;Beckham et al 2005;Beckham et al 2007;Cook et al 2007;Feldner et al 2007;Marshall et al 2008). However, no direct measures of smoking motives or expectancies were included in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Smoking and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology in Orofacial Pain

et al. 2016

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To explore the impact of interactions between smoking and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on pain intensity, psychological distress, and pain-related functioning in patients with orofacial pain, a retrospective review was conducted of data obtained during evaluations of 610 new patients with a temporomandibular disorder who also reported a history of a traumatic event. Pain-related outcomes included measures of pain intensity, psychological distress, and pain-related functioning. Main effects of smoking status and PTSD symptom severity on pain-related outcomes were evaluated with linear regression analyses. Further analyses tested interactions between smoking status and PTSD symptom severity on pain-related outcomes. PTSD symptom severity and smoking predicted worse pain-related outcomes. Interaction analyses between PTSD symptom severity and smoking status revealed that smoking attenuated the impact of PTSD symptom severity on affective distress, although this effect was not found at high levels of PTSD symptom severity. No other significant interactions were found, but the present results identifying smoking as an ineffective coping mechanism and the likely role of inaccurate outcome expectancies support the importance of smoking cessation efforts in patients with orofacial pain. Smoking is a maladaptive mechanism for coping with pain that carries significant health-and pain-related risks while failing to fulfill smokers' expectations of affect regulation, particularly among persons with orofacial pain who also have high levels of PTSD symptom severity. Addressing smoking cessation is a critical component of comprehensive treatment. Further research is needed to develop more effective ways to help patients with pain and/or PTSD to replace smoking with more effective coping strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Smoking and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology in Orofacial Pain

et al. 2016

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“…We have found abstinence to be associated with diminished behavioural responses to financial incentive (Al-Adawi & Powell, 1997;Dawkins et al, 2006), reduced anticipation of enjoying everyday pleasures , less attentional bias towards pleasure-related words Dawkins et al, 2006), and decreased mood 'uplift' in response to positively toned film clips . Similarly, Cook et al (2007) reported that nicotine facilitated positive mood induction in anhedonic smokers. There are however some studies which have not found such effects (e.g.…”

Section: Salience Attribution Attentional and Motivational Responsesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Relapse to smoking during unaided cessation: clinical, cognitive and motivational predictors

et al. 2010

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Rationale: Neurobiological models of addiction suggest that abnormalities of brain reward circuitry distort salience attribution and inhibitory control processes, which in turn contribute to high relapse rates. Objectives:To determine whether impairments of salience attribution and inhibitory control predict relapse in a pharmacologically unaided attempt at smoking cessation.Methods: 141 smokers were assessed on indices of nicotine consumption / dependence (e.g. the FTND, cigarettes per day, salivary cotinine), and three trait impulsivity measures. After overnight abstinence they completed experimental tests of cue reactivity, attentional bias to smoking cues, response to financial reward, motor impulsiveness, and response inhibition (antisaccades). They then started a quit attempt with follow-up after 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months; abstinence was verified via salivary cotinine levels ≤ 20ng/ml. Results:Relapse rates at each point were 52.5%, 64% and 76.3%. The strongest predictor was pre-cessation salivary cotinine; other smoking / dependence indices did not explain additional outcome variance and neither did trait impulsivity. All experimental indices except responsivity to financial reward significantly predicted one week outcome. Salivary cotinine, attentional bias to smoking cues and antisaccade errors explained unique as well as shared variance. At one and three months, salivary cotinine, motor impulsiveness and cue reactivity were all individually predictive; the effects of salivary cotinine and motor impulsiveness were additive.Conclusions: These data provide some support for the involvement of abnormal cognitive and motivational processes in sustaining smoking dependence and suggest that they might be a focus of interventions, especially in the early stages of cessation.2

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“…4,20,21 In theory, anhedonic smokers are more likely to relapse because nicotine enhances positive affect 22 and increases the reward value of pleasurable situations. 23 As a result, anhedonic smokers may be more likely to self-administer nicotine and relapse in order to increase their positive affect and receptiveness to experiences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Effect of Anhedonia on Smoking Cessation Greater for Women Versus Men?

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Carroll

Veluz-Wilkins

et al. 2016

NICTOB

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Introduction: Anhedonia has been recognized as a major risk factor for smoking persistence. Potential gender differences in the effect of anhedonia on smoking cessation have not been studied. Using data from a completed clinical trial of maintenance nicotine patch therapy, we hypothesized that gender would moderate the effect of anhedonia on short-term abstinence, such that anhedonic women would be less likely to achieve abstinence. Methods: Participants (N = 525; 50% female, 48.2% Black/African American, average age: 46 years) received 21 mg/day nicotine patch and four brief behavior counseling sessions over 8 weeks. Participants were classified at baseline using the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale as anhedonic (scores > 2) or hedonic (scores ≤ 2). Bioverified 7-day point prevalence abstinence was measured at week 8. Using logistic regression analysis, we tested the interaction of anhedonia by gender predicting abstinence, adjusting for age, race, nicotine dependence, and baseline depressive symptomatology. Results: Seventy participants (13%) were classified as anhedonic. Men were more likely to be anhedonic than women (16.6% vs. 10.2%, p = .03). Contrary to our hypothesis, the interaction of anhedonic status (hedonic vs. anhedonic) by gender was nonsignificant (p = .18). There was a main effect of hedonic capacity, such that anhedonia predicted abstinence, odds ratio = 3.24, 95% confidence interval = 1.39-7.51, p = .006. Conclusion: Both male and female anhedonic smokers were more likely to be abstinent, which contrasts with prior research indicating that anhedonia is a risk factor for difficulty quitting. This unexpected finding may be explained by a possible selective benefit of nicotine patch therapy, which has been observed in some studies to have antidepressant effects. Implications: This is the first study to examine whether the association between pretreatment anhedonia and smoking cessation differs by gender. For both women and men, anhedonia was associated with a greater likelihood of abstinence after 8 weeks of treatment with 21 mg/day nicotine patch and behavior counseling. Our findings indicate that the association between anhedonia and smoking cessation is not as clear as has been assumed and may depend in part on the type of treatment delivered.

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Influence of nicotine on positive affect in anhedonic smokers

Cited by 71 publications

References 55 publications

Smoking and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology in Orofacial Pain

Smoking and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology in Orofacial Pain

Relapse to smoking during unaided cessation: clinical, cognitive and motivational predictors

Is the Effect of Anhedonia on Smoking Cessation Greater for Women Versus Men?

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