Influence of N doses and form on 15N natural abundance of pepper plants: considerations for using δ15N values as indicator of N source

Flores, Pilar; Murray, P. J.; Hellín, Pilar; Fenoll, José

doi:10.1002/jsfa.4447

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, these forms represented, respectively, only 1.5 and 0.5% of the total compost N (23.1 g N kg −1 ), which had a bulk δ 15 N signature of +15.3 ± 0.2 . Nevertheless, even relatively small concentrations of inorganic N relative to organic N can have a significant effect on the plant's δ 15 N signature (Flores et al, 2011).…”

Section: Fertilizer Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Principles and Limitations of Stable Isotopes in Differentiating Organic and Conventional Foodstuffs: 1. Plant Products

Inácio

Chalk

Magalhães

2013

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Among the lighter elements having two or more stable isotopes (H, C, N, O, S), δ(15)N appears to be the most promising isotopic marker to differentiate plant products from conventional and organic farms. Organic plant products vary within a range of δ(15)N values of +0.3 to +14.6%, while conventional plant products range from negative to positive values, i.e. -4.0 to +8.7%. The main factors affecting δ(15)N signatures of plants are N fertilizers, biological N2 fixation, plant organs and plant age. Correlations between mode of production and δ(13)C (except greenhouse tomatoes warmed with natural gas) or δ(34)S signatures have not been established, and δ(2)H and δ(18)O are unsuitable markers due to the overriding effect of climate on the isotopic composition of plant-available water. Because there is potential overlap between the δ(15)N signatures of organic and conventionally produced plant products, δ(15)N has seldom been used successfully as the sole criterion for differentiation, but when combined with complementary analytical techniques and appropriate statistical tools, the probability of a correct identification increases. The use of organic fertilizers by conventional farmers or the marketing of organic produce as conventional due to market pressures are additional factors confounding correct identification. The robustness of using δ(15)N to differentiate mode of production will depend on the establishment of databases that have been verified for individual plant products.

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Section: Fertilizer Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intraplant fractionation can be affected by the inorganic N source. For example, Flores et al (2011) found that shoots of capsicum grown in sterilized peat were enriched in δ 15 N by 3.7 ± 0.4 compared with roots when NO − 3 was the sole N source, whereas the difference was only 2.0 ± 0.2 when NH + 4 was the sole N source.…”

Section: Plant Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles and Limitations of Stable Isotopes in Differentiating Organic and Conventional Foodstuffs: 1. Plant Products

Inácio

Chalk

Magalhães

2013

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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“…, Flores et al . , Laursen et al . ), where it has been shown to have some limitations, because some organic fertilisers (particularly those coming from green leguminous covers) have an isotopic signature similar to that of the main inorganic fertilisers not authorised in organic growing (Bateman and Kelly ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the measurement of the natural abundance of stable isotopes in viticulture: a review

Santesteban

Jiménez

Barbarin

et al. 2014

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

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The study of the natural abundance of stable isotopes in grapevine organs and tissues started in the late 1970s and, since then, a significant body of research has analysed how cultivar, rootstock, climate, soil and growing conditions affect the relative proportion of the stable isotopes of carbon (δ 13 C), oxygen (δ 18 O) and hydrogen (δD) in grapevine organs. Besides, some research has been devoted to the study of the isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ 15 N), strontium (δ 87 Sr), boron (δ 11 B) and sulfur (δ 34 S) in vineyards. This review presents the state of the art of stable isotope determination in viticulture, and outlines some approaches that, to date, have not been considered in viticulture and that could be applied in future research.

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“…Peru, Ecuador, Chile, and Namibia) to use this fertilizer and market their produce as organic [5]. In recent years, there has been a surge in isotopic research directed at demonstrating isotopic distinctions between conventional and organically grown produce [126]–[136]. The reason that this technique may sometimes be effective is primarily that inorganic fertilizers tend to have δ 15 N values close to 0‰, while organic fertilizers tend to have higher δ 15 N values, although there is great variability (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry of Seabird Guano Fertilization: Results from Growth Chamber Studies with Maize (Zea Mays)

et al. 2012

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Background Stable isotope analysis is being utilized with increasing regularity to examine a wide range of issues (diet, habitat use, migration) in ecology, geology, archaeology, and related disciplines. A crucial component to these studies is a thorough understanding of the range and causes of baseline isotopic variation, which is relatively poorly understood for nitrogen (δ 15 N). Animal excrement is known to impact plant δ 15 N values, but the effects of seabird guano have not been systematically studied from an agricultural or horticultural standpoint. Methodology/Principal Findings This paper presents isotopic (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) and vital data for maize ( Zea mays ) fertilized with Peruvian seabird guano under controlled conditions. The level of 15 N enrichment in fertilized plants is very large, with δ 15 N values ranging between 25.5 and 44.7‰ depending on the tissue and amount of fertilizer applied; comparatively, control plant δ 15 N values ranged between −0.3 and 5.7‰. Intraplant and temporal variability in δ 15 N values were large, particularly for the guano-fertilized plants, which can be attributed to changes in the availability of guano-derived N over time, and the reliance of stored vs. absorbed N. Plant δ 13 C values were not significantly impacted by guano fertilization. High concentrations of seabird guano inhibited maize germination and maize growth. Moreover, high levels of seabird guano greatly impacted the N metabolism of the plants, resulting in significantly higher tissue N content, particularly in the stalk. Conclusions/Significance The results presented in this study demonstrate the very large impact of seabird guano on maize δ 15 N values. The use of seabird guano as a fertilizer can thus be traced using stable isotope analysis in food chemistry applications (certification of organic inputs). Furthermore, the fertilization of maize with seabird guano creates an isotopic signature very similar to a high-trophic level marine resource, which must be considered when interpreting isotopic data from archaeological material.

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Influence of N doses and form on 15N natural abundance of pepper plants: considerations for using δ15N values as indicator of N source

Abstract: Under certain conditions and following some considerations concerning sampling, δ(15) N values can be considered to be a potential tool to guarantee the authenticity of organic products.

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Principles and Limitations of Stable Isotopes in Differentiating Organic and Conventional Foodstuffs: 1. Plant Products

Principles and Limitations of Stable Isotopes in Differentiating Organic and Conventional Foodstuffs: 1. Plant Products

Application of the measurement of the natural abundance of stable isotopes in viticulture: a review

Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry of Seabird Guano Fertilization: Results from Growth Chamber Studies with Maize (Zea Mays)

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