Influence of myosin isoforms on contractile  properties of intact muscle fibers from <i>Rana pipiens</i>

Lutz, Gordon J.; Sirsi, Shashank R.; Shapard-Palmer, Sarah A.; Bremner, Shannon N.; Lieber, Richard L.

doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00482.2001

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…While all other described species of Xenopus are polyploid, X. tropicalis is diploid, and thus, MyHC duplications are not a consequence of the genetic introgression otherwise prevalent in the genus (Evans et al 2004(Evans et al , 2005. The expression of different MyHC isoforms underlies the contractile properties of muscle (Lutz et al 2002) and may also be related to optimizing performance at specific temperatures in poikilotherms (Watabe 2002). Additional MyHC isoforms may have provided the substrate for variation permitting functional and developmental specialization of isoform expression.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysis Of Tropicalis Myosin Heavy Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome of the diploid anuran Xenopus tropicalis contains a novel array of sarcoplasmic myosin heavy chain genes expressed in larval muscle and larynx

Nasipak

Kelley

2008

Dev Genes Evol

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The sarcomeric myosin heavy chain (MyHC) proteins are a family of molecular motors responsible for the transduction of chemical energy into mechanical work in striated muscle. The vertebrate genome contains multiple copies of the MyHC gene, and expression of different isoforms correlates with differences in the physiological properties of muscle fibers. Most MyHC isoforms are found in two arrays, one containing the "fast-twitch" skeletal muscle isoforms and the other the "slow-twitch" or cardiac isoforms. To extend our understanding of MyHC evolution, we have examined the genome of the anuran Xenopus tropicalis. The X. tropicalis genome includes15 full-length MyHC genes organized in seven genomic locations. One unique array of MyHC genes is similar to the mammalian fast-skeletal array, but is not found in amniotes. The isoforms in this array are expressed during larval stages and in muscles of the adult larynx. Duplication of the fast-skeletal MyHC array appears to have led to expression divergence of muscle proteins in the larval and adult stages of the anuran life cycle. A striking similarity of gene order between regions flanking X. tropicalis MyHC arrays and human arrays was evident; genomic organization of MyHC isoforms may thus be highly conserved across tetrapods.

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Section: Phylogenetic Analysis Of Tropicalis Myosin Heavy Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome of the diploid anuran Xenopus tropicalis contains a novel array of sarcoplasmic myosin heavy chain genes expressed in larval muscle and larynx

Nasipak

Kelley

2008

Dev Genes Evol

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“…Thus the architectural features of a muscle define its functional properties. In addition to architecture, muscle fiber type influences contractile force, maximum velocity and time to fatigue (Bodine et al, 1987;Bottinelli et al, 1991;Lutz et al, 2002). The differences in contractile force between fiber types is not simply a function of differences in cross-sectional area of the fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling of muscle architecture and fiber types in the rat hindlimb

Eng¹,

Smallwood²,

Rainiero³

et al. 2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

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170

207

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SUMMARYThe functional capacity of a muscle is determined by its architecture and metabolic properties. Although extensive analyses of muscle architecture and fiber type have been completed in a large number of muscles in numerous species, there have been few studies that have looked at the interrelationship of these functional parameters among muscles of a single species. Nor have the architectural properties of individual muscles been compared across species to understand scaling. This study examined muscle architecture and fiber type in the rat (Rattus norvegicus) hindlimb to examine each muscle's functional specialization. Discriminant analysis demonstrated that architectural properties are a greater predictor of muscle function (as defined by primary joint action and anti-gravity or non anti-gravity role) than fiber type. Architectural properties were not strictly aligned with fiber type, but when muscles were grouped according to anti-gravity versus non-anti-gravity function there was evidence of functional specialization. Specifically, anti-gravity muscles had a larger percentage of slow fiber type and increased muscle physiological cross-sectional area. Incongruities between a muscle's architecture and fiber type may reflect the variability of functional requirements on single muscles, especially those that cross multiple joints. Additionally, discriminant analysis and scaling of architectural variables in the hindlimb across several mammalian species was used to explore whether any functional patterns could be elucidated within single muscles or across muscle groups. Several muscles deviated from previously described muscle architecture scaling rules and there was large variability within functional groups in how muscles should be scaled with body size. This implies that functional demands placed on muscles across species should be examined on the single muscle level.

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“…The mechanical properties of the different muscles/fibre types and the proportions of different fibre types within muscles in jumping frogs appear to match the force/power output required by their different functions (Putnam et al, 1980;Putnam and Bennett, 1983;Lutz and Lieber, 2000;Rome, 2002). For example, in Rana pipiens the hindlimb muscles typically used to power jumping consist primarily (89%) of the fastest, most powerful, type 1 muscle fibres, which should maximise burst jumping performance and enable rapid escape from predators (Lutz et al, 1998;Lutz et al, 2002). In contrast, hindlimb muscles not used to power jumping are composed of far fewer (29%) type 1 muscle fibres (Lutz et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How important are skeletal muscle mechanics in setting limits on jumping performance?

James

Navas

Herrel

2007

Journal of Experimental Biology

106

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SUMMARY Jumping is an important locomotor behaviour used by many animals. The power required to perform a jump is supplied by skeletal muscle. The mechanical properties of skeletal muscle, including the power it can produce, are determined by its composition, which in turn reflects trade-offs between the differing tasks performed by the muscle. Recent studies suggest that muscles used for jumping are relatively fast compared with other limb muscles. As animals get bigger absolute jump performance tends to increase, but recent evidence suggests that adult jump performance may be relatively independent of body size. As body size increases the relative shortening velocity of muscle decreases, whereas normalised power output remains relatively constant. However, the relative shortening velocity of the fastest muscle fibre types appears to remain relatively constant over a large body size range of species. It appears likely that in many species during jumping, other factors are compensating for, or allowing for, uncoupling of jumping performance from size-related changes in the mechanical properties of muscle. In some species smaller absolute body size is compensated for by rapid development of locomotor morphology to attain high locomotor performance early in life. Smaller animal species also appear to rely more heavily on elastic storage mechanisms to amplify the power output available from skeletal muscle. Adaptations involving increased relative hindlimb length and relative mass of jumping muscles, and beneficial alteration of the origin and/or insertion of jumping muscles, have all been found to improve animal jump performance. However, further integrative studies are needed to provide conclusive evidence of which morphological and physiological adaptations are the most important in enhancing jump performance.

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Influence of myosin isoforms on contractile properties of intact muscle fibers from Rana pipiens

Cited by 32 publications

References 46 publications

The genome of the diploid anuran Xenopus tropicalis contains a novel array of sarcoplasmic myosin heavy chain genes expressed in larval muscle and larynx

The genome of the diploid anuran Xenopus tropicalis contains a novel array of sarcoplasmic myosin heavy chain genes expressed in larval muscle and larynx

Scaling of muscle architecture and fiber types in the rat hindlimb

How important are skeletal muscle mechanics in setting limits on jumping performance?

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