Influence of multiple amino acid supplementation on the performance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), fed soya based diets

Abstract

Using rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), ol approximately 50 g, a 63 day feeding trial was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of individual and multiple amino acid supplements in diets where soyabean meal was used as the principle protein source. Iso-nitrogenous diets (45% crude protein) were formulated where the control diet (F) contained tishmeal as the reference protein and a solvent extracted soyabean meal (S) replaced approximately 66% of this protein source. The soyabean containing diets were then supplemented with crystalline amino acids thus; methionine only, dual supplemented with two methionine and lysine levels and finally, a supplement comprising methionine, lysine, tryptophan, threonine, arginine and histidine. The results showed that soyabean meal (SBM) was inferior to the reference protein when SBM was used to replace 66% of the fishmeal and that no significant restoration in growth, feed efficiency and apparent net protein utilization was obtained by either methionine only or dual methionine and lysine supplementation. However, by comparison with the fish fed the unsupplemented. single and dual supplemented diets, multiple amino acid incorporation was associated with significantly improved percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and marginal improvements in apparent net protein utilization. However, performance was not equal to that of the fish fed the fishmeal based control diet. The results are discussed with respect to the level of each of the essential amino acids (EAA) as a proportion of the total EAAs (A/E index) of test diets by reference to the whole body tissue amino acid profile of rainbow trout.

Use of soybean flour (dehulled, solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical diets for African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822): growth, feed utilization and digestibility

“…1982; Shiau et al. 1988; Davies and Morris 1997). Although this concept is enormously attractive, its realization has so far met with great problems related mainly to the economics of the process.…”

Growth Performance of Hybrid Striped Bass, Rainbow Trout, and Cobia Utilizing Asian Carp Meal‐Based Aquafeeds

“…Utilization of plant-origin (i.e., derivatives of oilseeds or grains) and animal-origin (i.e., by-products of livestock processing) feedstuffs in aquafeeds can be restricted by inadequate nutrient levels, digestibility, or palatability; the presence of antinutritional factors; or practical limitations to inclusion in the diet (e.g., high cost, complications related to feed manufacturing; Glencross et al 2007). For instance, soybean meal is one of the most promising alternative protein sources (Gatlin et al 2007), and despite its routine use in aquafeeds (Hendricks 2003) high inclusion levels can result in undesirable effects such as poor palatability (Adelizi et al 1998), low feed conversion efficiency (Davies and Morris 1997), and gut enteritis (Heikkinen et al 2006;Iwashita et al 2008). Fish meals, including Asian carp meal, do not appear to present any of these challenges (Bowzer et al, in press).…”

Soybean meal can partially replace enzyme-treated fish meal in the diet of juvenile Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis

“…In some studies, SM has frequently been assessed as an inferior protein source to fish meal, based on reported adverse effects on growth performance in some species [12][13][14][15], whereas in studies involving other fish species, it has been used to replace fish meal protein partially or fully with no subsequent decrease in weight gain [16][17][18][19]. Moreover, the effect of SM even varies depending on the production lots.…”