Influence of multi‐stressor combinations of pCO2, temperature, and salinity on the toxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae), a fish‐killing flagellate
Malihe Mehdizadeh Allaf,
Charles G. Trick
Abstract:Climate change and global warming have led to more frequent harmful algal blooms in the last decade. Among these blooms, Heterosigma akashiwo, a golden‐brown phytoflagellate, is one of the 40 species with a high potential to form harmful blooms, leading to significant fish mortality. Climate change leads to rising atmospheric and ocean temperatures. These changes, along with altered rainfall patterns and meltwater input, can cause fluctuations in ocean salinity. Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels… Show more
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