Influence of monosodium glutamate additive on the morphology and permeability characteristics of polyamide dialysis membranes

Abstract

Membranes were prepared with dope solutions of various concentrations of polyamide and monosodium glutamate (MSG) additive for dialysis applications. The results show that the membranes with higher MSG concentrations had higher water uptakes and porosities. The membranes were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy techniques and evaluated in terms of the permeability of solutes, such as urea and creatinine. The cross-sectional structure of the membranes prepared without MSG additive or with a low MSG concentration were dense, and their surfaces consisted of large-sized nodule aggregates. The permeation of solutes was less through these membranes. When the amount of additive in the membrane solution was sufficient, macrovoids were seen in the SEM images, and the sizes of nodules were small, which caused an increase in the diffusive permeability of solutes. The surfaces of the membranes with higher MSG concentrations were found to be smooth; this could be useful for the dialysis process. The contact angles of these membranes were also lower; this indicated that this additive improved the hydrophilicity of the membranes.

Correlating PSf Support Physicochemical Properties with the Formation of Piperazine-Based Polyamide and Evaluating the Resultant Nanofiltration Membrane Performance

“…Polyamide membranes are widely used in solid or fluid separation technologies. Numerous studies have demonstrated the competitiveness of polyamide membranes in nanofiltration (NF) [ 1 , 2 ], forward and reverse osmosis [ 2 , 3 , 4 ], dialysis [ 5 ], pervaporation [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], and gas separation [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. NF is the most common membrane technology for water or liquid separation, and it is usually applied to industries such as water [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], food [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ], textile [ 25 , 26 , 27 ], mining [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], agricultural [ 32 , 33 , 34 ], pharmaceutical, and biotechnological industries [ 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Morphological characteristics of polymeric nylon‐6 film as biological recognition interface for electrochemical immunosensor application

“…Among these polymeric thin films, nylon is the most desirable material and is proven to be a suitable immobilization platform . This polymer comprises of high mechanical strength, good stability, and high resistance toward microbial attack . For example, Nan et al .…”

“…Among these polymeric thin films, nylon is the most desirable material and is proven to be a suitable immobilization platform. 29 This polymer comprises of high mechanical strength, [30][31][32] good stability, and high resistance toward microbial attack. 33 For example, Nan et al 34 and Scampicchio et al 35 exploited the uses of nylon film as an enzyme-immobilized platform to detect glucose in human serum.…”

“…Nylon thin film is commonly produced by phase inversion technique through immersion precipitation or dry phase inversion . During immersion precipitation, interdiffusion between solvent and nonsolvent will occur in a kinetically changing state, which is different from the uniform concentration of the initial dope.…”

“…The introduction of additive and adjustment of polymer concentration in casting dope are known to efficiently control the thin film morphology in enhancing the film performances. The additives can be water, inorganic additives, low‐molecular‐weight organics, surfactants, polymers, mineral filters, or a mixture of them .…”