Influence of Moderate Temperature on Growth and Malic Dehydrogenase Activity of a Marine Psychrophile

Morita, Richard Y.; Burton, Sheril D.

doi:10.1128/jb.86.5.1025-1029.1963

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…It is entirely possible that the wild type, as represented by the ATCC culture, cannot synthesize the enzyme system or synthesizes 2,680 a portion that is inactivated at elevated tempera-0 ture and that the selective pressures of the aquatic 2,860 environment allow a particular mutant popula-2,500 tion to survive. This hypothesis is consistent with observations of Peterson and Gunderson (20) and Morita and Burton (16). It is also reasonable to suggest that a formic hydrogenlyase 23,30 system active at an elevated temperature may be 2,250 irreversibly lost upon prolonged storage as are 2,260 virulence factors of certain pathogenic organisms.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Formic Hydrogenlyase Induction as a Basis for the Eijkman Fecal Coliform Concept

Hendricks¹

1970

Applied Microbiology

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Many Enterobacter species recovered from a relatively unpolluted freshwater stream had the capacity to produce gas from glucose, lactose, and formate at 44.5 C. Composition of the evolved gas was shown to be CO2 and H2, which suggested that the enzyme system formic hydrogenlyase functions as the basis for the Eijkman fecal coliform concept. It is postulated that there are at least two different and distinct biochemical types of Enterobacter in the natural aquatic environment: one that lacks an active formic hydrogenlyase at 44.5 C and is associated with the intestinal tract of man and certain animals, and another which possesses the active enzyme at the elevated temperature and is found in soil or on vegetation free from fecal pollution.

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Formic Hydrogenlyase Induction as a Basis for the Eijkman Fecal Coliform Concept

Hendricks¹

1970

Applied Microbiology

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“…In spite of protection of the enzyme by the whole cell (Morita and Burton, 1963), malic dehydrogenase is sensitive to 30 C and may contribute to the inability of this psychrophile to grow above this temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Denaturation and Renaturation of Malic Dehydrogenase in a Cell-Free Extract From a Marine Psychrophile

Burton

Morita

1963

J Bacteriol

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Burton, Sheril D. (Oregon State University, Corvallis), and Richard Y. Morita . Denaturation and renaturation of malic dehydrogenase in a cell-free extract from a marine psychrophile. J. Bacteriol. 86: 1019–1024. 1963.—Malic dehydrogenase from a marine psychrophilic vibrio (PS 207) was found to be heat-sensitive at 30 C, the maximal growth temperature for the organism. Initial denaturation was reversible, with maximal renaturation occurring when the denatured enzyme was slowly cooled in the presence of mercaptoethanol, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and malate. No renaturation occurred when these compounds were added after slow cooling, or when the renaturation mixture was rapidly cooled. Mercaptoethylamine, cysteine, glutathione, or mercaptoacetic acid could not replace mercaptoethanol. The kinetics of denaturation and renaturation suggest the presence of several malic isozymes each with different heat labilities, or that these processes are occurring in several distinct steps.

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“…Burton and Morita (15) found that 55 to 60% of the malic dehydrogenase activity of cellfree extracts of a marine facultative psychrophile (optimal temperature for growth, 24 C; maximal, 30 C) was lost by exposure of the extract to 30 C for 15 min. The rate of denaturation of the enzyme was much greater at 35 and 40 C. Heat stability of the enzyme was found to be greater in whole cells than in cell-free extracts (56). Heating the cells or treatment with a lysing agent apparently destroyed some regulatory factor for malic dehydrogenase activity.…”

Section: Other Factorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Question of the Existence of Specific Marine Bacteria1

MacLeod¹

1965

Bacteriological Reviews

177

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Issued as Macdonald College Journal Series Number 520. 9 transformations of matter, would have very little point (76). Most of the experiments undertaken in attempting to settle the question have dealt with the temperature range and halophilic nature of bacteria from the sea. Marine bacteria were found to be generally more psychrophilic in character than terrestrial species and to prefer seawater or 3 7% NaCl to freshwater in the medium for growth. Evidence was presented, however, to indicate that these physiological properties were unstable. Baars (2), for instance, reported success in interconverting, by training procedures, three varieties of sulfate-reducing bacteria which, on the basis of temperature range, salt range, and habitat, had been regarded as separate species. ZoBell and Rittenberg (92) found that chitinoclastic bacteria from the sea, after prolonged laboratory cultivation or acclimatization procedures, developed the ability to grow in freshwater media. This change was accompanied by a widening of the temperature range for growth. Reports on the stability of the halophilic character of marine bacteria have been particularly

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Influence of Moderate Temperature on Growth and Malic Dehydrogenase Activity of a Marine Psychrophile

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Formic Hydrogenlyase Induction as a Basis for the Eijkman Fecal Coliform Concept

Formic Hydrogenlyase Induction as a Basis for the Eijkman Fecal Coliform Concept

Denaturation and Renaturation of Malic Dehydrogenase in a Cell-Free Extract From a Marine Psychrophile

The Question of the Existence of Specific Marine Bacteria1

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