Influence of mode of delivery, family and nursing determinants on early childhood caries development: a prospective cohort study

Purpose To study the relationship between the tooth-brushing habits during the preschool ages and caries prevalence at the age of 5 years and to investigate a possible association with the mode of delivery. Methods The study population consisted of 336 children that were orally examined at 2, 3 and 5 years. All stages of caries were scored on tooth and surface level. Data on tooth brushing behaviour were collected through semi-structured interviews. Results At 5 years, the attrition rate was 13.1%. The total caries prevalence (cavitated and non-cavitated lesions) was 18.9%. The vast majority of the parents assisted their child with the brushing and 98% used fluoride toothpaste. The relative risk (RR) for caries was significantly (p < 0.05) increased for "tooth brushing less than twice daily" at two (RR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.3, p < 0.01) and 3 years (RR 3.6, 95% CI 2.0-6.7; p < 0.001). Likewise, reporting "major/minor difficulties to perform tooth brushing" at 2 and 3 years was significantly related to caries development at the age of five (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.4, p < 0.05 and RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.3; p < 0.01). We found no significant association between the tooth brushing habits and the mode of delivery. Conclusions Less than twice daily tooth-brushing and difficulties to perform the procedure during the first preschool years were significant determinants of caries prevalence at the age of 5 years. Health professionals should, therefore, give special attention and assist parents to improve and optimize their tooth brushing behaviour during the preschool years.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Tooth brushing habits and prevalence of early childhood caries: a prospective cohort study

Boustedt

Dahlgren

Twetman

et al. 2019

Eur Arch Paediatr Dent

“…We observed significant associations among mothers who gave their children sugarsweetened beverages (SSB) daily and the mothers' college or lower education (OR = 6.51, 95% CI 1.59-27. 19; p = 0.01) and maternal tooth brushing less than twice daily (OR = 3.88, 95% CI 0.99-15.18; p = 0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In Japan, however, children exposed to smoking had insufficient tooth brushing and SSP consumption [18]. Nevertheless, parents' non-regular tooth brushing of their children's teeth and household smoking are risk factors for ECC development [16,18,19]. Smokers tended to have poor oral habits, an unhealthy lifestyle, and low oral health awareness, which may also affect their children's oral health status [18].…”

Section: International Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health behaviour and attitude towards caries among mothers with 0- to 3-year-olds: A survey in Lithuania

Narbutaitė

et al. 2019

Preprint

Background Mothers greatly influence their children’s oral health. This study aimed to investigate the oral health behaviours of mothers with young children and their attitudes towards dental caries. Material and methods The survey targeted all mothers with children under three years attending a primary healthcare centre (Department of Family Medicine at the LSMU Hospital) in Kaunas, Lithuania. The Bioethics Centre of the LSMU approved the study (No. BEC-OF-14). Of 176 mothers, 123 (69.9%) took part in the 2016-2017 study. The self-administered questionnaire enquired about mothers’ attitudes towards oral health and behaviours related to the potential transmission of oral bacteria to their children, dietary habits, tooth brushing, smoking, and background factors. The chi-squared test and univariate/multivariate logistic regression analyses, including the odds ratio (OR) and its confidence interval (95% CI), served for the statistical analysis. (P-values ≤ 0.05 indicated statistically significant differences.) Results Most (68.5%) of the mothers brushed their teeth twice daily, and 87.4% reported themselves as non-smokers. We found a statistically significant association between mothers who brushed their own teeth twice daily and those who cleaned their children’s teeth likewise (OR = 5.42, 95% CI 1.28-6.63; p = 0.005). We observed significant associations among mothers who gave their children sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) daily and the mothers’ college or lower education (OR = 6.51, 95% CI 1.59-27.19; p = 0.01) and maternal tooth brushing less than twice daily (OR = 3.88, 95% CI 0.99-15.18; p = 0.05). Conclusions A considerable number of the Lithuanian mothers did not follow the universal recommendations for tooth brushing, and most of them did not brush their children’s teeth as recommended. Mothers with a lower education and who brushed their teeth less than twice daily offered their children SSB more frequently. More emphasis needs to focus on children’s oral health promotion and education.

Oral health behaviour, attitude towards, and knowledge of dental caries among mothers of 0‐ to 3‐year‐old children living in Kaunas, Lithuania

Narbutaitė

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

et al. 2019

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the oral health behaviours of mothers with young children and their attitudes towards dental caries. Methods The survey targeted all mothers with children under 3 years attending a primary healthcare centre (Department of Family Medicine at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences [LSMU] Hospital) in Kaunas, Lithuania. The Bioethics Centre of the LSMU approved the study (No. BEC‐OF‐14). Of 176 mothers, 123 (69.9%) took part in the 2016–2017 study. The self‐administered questionnaire enquired about mothers' attitudes towards oral health and behaviours related to the potential transmission of oral bacteria to their children, dietary habits, tooth brushing, smoking, and background factors. The chi‐squared test and univariate/multivariate logistic regression analyses served for the statistical analysis. (p values ≤ .05 indicated statistically significant differences). Results Most (76; 68.5%) of the mothers brushed their teeth twice daily, and 97 (87.4%) reported themselves as nonsmokers. We found a statistically significant association between mothers who brushed their own teeth twice daily and those who cleaned their children's teeth likewise (OR = 5.42, 95% CI [1.28–6.63]; p = .005). We observed significant associations among mothers who gave their children sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) daily and the mothers' college or lower education (OR = 6.51, 95% CI [1.59–27.19]; p = .01) and maternal tooth brushing less than twice daily (OR = 3.88, 95% CI [0.99–15.18]; p = .05). Conclusions A majority of mothers who took part in this survey did not brush their children's teeth as recommended. Mothers with a lower education and who brushed their teeth less than twice daily offered their children SSBs more frequently.