Influence of Mn Ions’ Insertion in Pseudo-Tetragonal Phased CaBi4Ti4O15-Based Ceramics for Highly Efficient Energy Storage Devices and High-Temperature Piezoelectric Applications

Abstract

In the present era of advanced technology, the surge for suitable multifunctional materials capable of operating above 300 °C has increased for the utilization of high-temperature piezoelectric devices. For this purpose, a pseudo-tetragonal phased CaBi4Ti3.98 (Nb0.5Fe0.5)0.02O15:xwt%MnO2 (CBTNF:xMn), with x = 0–0.20, ceramic system has been engineered for the investigation of structural, ferroelectric, dielectric and high-temperature-dependent piezoelectric properties. XRD analysis confirms that low-content Mn-ion insertion at the lattice sites of CBTNF does not distort the pseudo-tetragonal phase lattice of CBTNF:xMn ceramics, but enhances the functional behavior of the ceramic system, specifically at x = 0.15 wt%Mn. Compared to pure CBT and CBTNF ceramics, CBTNF:0.15Mn has demonstrated a highly dense relative density (~96%), a saturated polarization (PS) of 15.89 µC/cm2, a storage energy density (WST) of ~1.82 J/cm3, an energy-conversion efficiency (ƞ) of ~51% and an upgraded piezoelectric behavior (d33) of 27.1 pC/N at room temperature. Sharp temperature-dependent dielectric constant (εr) peaks display the solid ferroelectric behavior of the CBTNF:0.15Mn sample with a Curie temperature (TC) of 766 °C. The thermally stable piezoelectric performance of the CBTNF:0.15Mn ceramic was observed at 600 °C, with just a 0.8% d33 loss (25 pC/N). The achieved results signify that multi-valence Mn ions have effectively intercalated at the lattice sites of the pseudo-tetragonal phased CBTNF counterpart and enhanced the multifunctional properties of the ceramic system, proving it to be a durable contender for utilization in energy-storage applications and stable high-temperature piezoelectric applications.

Multifunctional Experimental Studies of Sm-Ion-Influenced Pseudo-Cubic Morphotropic Phase Boundary Regional BiFeO3-xSrTiO3 Ceramics for High-Temperature Applications

“…Maximum remnant polarization (P r ~52.11 µC/cm 2 ) and saturated polarization (P S ~58.4 µC/cm 2 ) were observed for the BFST:0.15Sm ceramic composition (Figure 4b), which are much improved over those of pure BFST ceramic (P r ~42 µC/cm 2 and P S ~44.55 µC/cm 2 ). From Figure 4b, it can be observed that for the BFST:0.20Sm ceramic composition, the polarization values (P r ~47.1 µC/cm 2 and P S ~55.6 µC/cm 2 ) have reduced; this reduction in the polarization values can be associated with the percolation threshold value [26,27]. Keeping the Sm-ion content below percolation threshold values, the Sm-ions incorporate the BFST host ceramics and adjust at the vacant lattice sites successfully, causing an improvement in the ferroelectric behavior till BFST:0.15Sm ceramics.…”

Energy Storage and Charge/Discharge Performance of Sm-Doped NBT-Based Lead-Free Ceramics

“…Dielectric ceramic energy storage capacitors have become integral components in integrated circuits, aerospace, and other sectors. − This could be attributed to their ability to operate at high voltages, ease of miniaturization, cost-effectiveness, and inherent safety measures . With the technological development and progress, the energy storage capacity of ceramic capacitors puts forward higher requirements, and therefore, it is necessary to improve the energy storage capacity of ceramic capacitors to make them meet requirements .…”