Influence of Mn Doping on the Properties of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared by Co-Precipitation Method

Abstract

A simple, facile co-precipitation technique was successfully used to synthesize the pure, and Mn-doped SnO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR)), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL). XRD analysis indicated that the prepared samples have the pure tetragonal structure of SnO 2. The doping of Mn on SnO 2 surface enhances the crystallite size of the SnO 2 NPs. The polycrystalline in nature SnO 2 nanoparticles was confirmed by SAED pattern. FT-IR analysis illustrates the presence of stretching vibration of the O-Sn-O bond in both SnO 2 and Mn-doped SnO 2 NPs. SEM and TEM analysis shows that the SnO 2 particles are spherical in shape and are uniformly dispersed inside the nanocomposite matrix. The average particle size of SnO 2 in pure SnO 2 and Mn-doped SnO 2 NPs was determined as~14 and 12 nm respectively. The optical analysis confirmed a redshift by doping Mn on SnO 2. The band gap energy for pure SnO 2 and Mn-doped SnO 2 NPs are 3.14 eV to 2.87 eV, respectively. The visible emission was observed from PL analysis. Photocatalytic activity of the pure SnO 2 and Mn-doped SnO 2 are tested using Rhodamine B (RhB) dye as a model compound under UV light. The results revealed that the Mn-doped SnO 2 NPs exhibited higher efficiency than pure SnO 2 for the degradation of RhB dye and furthermore with increasing the amount of Mn doping further enhanced the degradation rate of R hB dye. The synthesized samples present good reusable stability. Dielectric loss of the prepared pure and Mn-doped SnO 2 NPs exhibited a linear trend at higher frequency domain. Increased dopant amount reduced the ac conductivity which is attributed to the particle size effect with the presence of the impurities.

Preparation and study of the Structural, Morphological and Optical properties of pure Tin Oxide Nanoparticle doped with Cu

“…(96-900-9083) where the diffraction peaks coincide with the standard data from (110), ( 101), (211) and the most obvious peak is (110). There are no identical peaks for Cu .The results match those of the researchers Sagadevan et al 24 . and this leads to the conclusion that there are two types of doped SnO 2 with Cu: substitutive and interstitial.…”

Photocatalytic Activity of Pure and Zinc Doped Tin Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by One Step Direct Injection Flame Synthesis

“…Decrease in crystallite size is due to the lattice distortion caused by the doping effect of the Zn ions where Zn ions occupies the intermediate position between Sn and O ions or substitutes the Sn ions [35] which decreases the overall cyrstallinity of the particle. Dislocation density is calculated for both SnO 2 and Zn:SnO 2 from the formula (4) and found to be 1.2 × 10 18 and 1.4 × 10 18 respectively which shows that the dislocation density increases upon introducing Zn ions into the SnO 2 nanoparticles.…”

“…Among these metal oxide semiconductor nanoparticles having wide band gap were recently explored to a large extent due to their surprising variations in their properties when they are reduced to smaller size because of the quantum size effect or quantum confinement [7]. Metal oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized for different applications amidst them tin oxide (SnO 2 ) is one of the most significant n-type wide band gap (3.6 eV) semiconductor with an exciton binding energy of 130 meV [8] which was examined for applications like gas sensors, LED, solarcells, photocatalysts, spintronic devices, optoelectronic devices, supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. SnO 2 was selected abundantly due to their ability of doping with many dopants like iron, graphene, manganese, antimony, iodine, copper, zinc, indium, silicon and fluorine .…”

The Effect of Precursor Concentration on the Particle Size, Crystal Size, and Optical Energy Gap of CexSn1−xO2 Nanofabrication

“…Thus, applications are exemplified by solar cells due to their tunable physical and chemical properties, with enhanced performance over their bulk counterparts [ 26 , 27 ], and optoelectronic devices [ 28 ], with applications geared towards leveraging the pellucidity occurring in the visible solar spectrum zone, as well as catalysis [ 29 ], diodes [ 30 ], gas sensors [ 31 ], and biomedical tools [ 32 ]. Furthermore, nanocrystals [ 33 ], nanoclusters [ 34 ], nanotubes [ 35 ], and nanorods [ 36 ] are among the wide range of SnO 2 nanomaterials produced via different approaches, such as sonochemical [ 37 ], solvothermal [ 26 ], co-precipitation [ 38 ], microwave hydrothermal [ 39 ], and sol-gel treatment [ 40 ] approaches.…”