Influence of mixing methods on the properties of high density polyethylene nanocomposites with different carbon nanoparticles

Abstract

In this paper, nanocomposites with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) or graphene nanosheets were prepared using a high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. Two different processes were employed: a solution method and a melt mixing method. The crystallinity index of the HDPE showed similar levels in nanocomposites after the addition of carbon nanotubes. It can be seen that the preparation process modified the degree of crystallinity of the HDPE matrix with graphene nanosheets. Nanocomposites prepared by the solution method showed a decrease in the crystallinity index. The addition of carbon nanotubes led to an increase of Young´s Modulus with an increase in the MWCNT quantity, regardless of the preparation process used, with a 22.8 % increase for composites with 0.5 wt% of CNTs. The nanocomposites with graphene nanosheets exhibited a different behavior with each mixing method. Nanocomposites prepared by the solution method showed a higher Young´s Modulus than those prepared by melt mixing. Results of transmission electronic microscopy and field emission scanning electronic microscopy indicated homogeneous dispersion for carbon nanotubes in melt mixing. Graphene nanocomposites showed some agglomerates, with smaller platelets in the nanocomposites prepared by solution mixing compared to that prepared by the melt mixing.

Statistical Study on the Interaction Factors of Polypropylene-Graft-Maleic Anhydride (PP-g-MA) with Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNP) at Various Poly(Lactic Acid)/Polypropylene (PLA/PP) Blends Ratio

“…All these polymers have a similar melting point with at the range of 160 to 170 °C. As for nanofiller, xGnP® Graphene Nanoplatelets Grade M5 was purchased from XG sciences with a carbon purity of 99.5%, the density of 2.2 g.cm -3 , an average thickness of 6 to 8nm, surface area 120 to 150 m 2 .g -1 and tensile modulus of 1000 GPa [34].…”

Avaliação dos métodos de obtenção e propriedades de nanocompósitos de polímeros com nanotubos de carbono – uma revisão

“…As suas propriedades são influenciadas pela quantidade relativa das fases amorfa e cristalina. São inertes à maioria dos produtos químicos comuns, devido a sua natureza parafínica, seu alto peso molecular e sua estrutura parcialmente Brandenburg et al (2017), foram empregados dois diferentes métodos de mistura dos nanotubos de carbono, a mistura de solventes e a mistura por fusão. No presente item, foi abordado a parte do estudo em que foram produzidos nanocompósitos, através da mistura de solventes.…”

“…No estudo de Brandenburg (2017), em que foram analisadas duas formas de preparo de nanocompósitos de PE/NTCs e PE/grafeno (4.1.1 Mistura de solventes e 4.1.2 Mistura em fusão), foi comprovado que o método de preparação influenciou na morfologia dos nanocompósitos, assim como a partícula utilizada. Os NTCs dispersaram-se melhor na matriz, através da mistura em fusão.…”

Melt‐mixed carbon nanotubes/polymer nanocomposites

“…Further, attempts were done to ascertain the effect of mixing process on the morphology of the composites. It was observed that HDPE/CNTs composites prepared by the solution method had shown small aggregates of CNTs in the matrix as compared to that prepared by the melt‐mixed process . Okolo and Inam had mentioned about their experience in dealing with the mechanical properties of HDPE/CNTs composites.…”

“…It was observed that HDPE/CNTs composites prepared by the solution method had shown small aggregates of CNTs in the matrix as compared to that prepared by the melt-mixed process. [120] Okolo and Inam had mentioned about their experience in dealing with the mechanical properties of HDPE/CNTs composites. They observed that under tensile force, the polymer chains rejected the CNTs as agglomerates that appear as black bands.…”