Influence of Micro Emulsions on Diesel Engine Combustion

Dittmann, Peter; Dörksen, Heinrich; Steiding, Dirk; Kremer, Florian

doi:10.1007/s38313-015-0008-8

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Puffing was observed at t = 0.272 s and continued with coalescence and phase separation. The droplet transparency increase by water boiling and finally micro-explosion occurred at about 1.680 s. In fact, the mechanisms of micro-explosion such as aggregation, coalescence, evaporation, transparency and puffing during heating of the droplet are common stages of the phenomena [25,31,[36][37][38]. The temperature profile of case A is shown in Figure 6.…”

Section: Micro-explosion Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Fuel Injection Equipment of Water-In-Diesel Emulsions on Micro-Explosion Behaviour

et al. 2018

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The number and size distributions of the water dispersed phase have a significant effect on both the long-term stability of an emulsion, and the probability of micro-explosions inside an engine. The emulsions are subjected to intense pressure and shear flow in the fuel injection equipment resulting in changes in the number and size distributions of the dispersed phase. These changes, in turn, have significant effects on the micro-explosion behavior of the droplets. To our knowledge, these effects are not known and have not been reported previously. To uncover some of these effects we carried out a comprehensive experimental investigation on an emulsion spray of 10% water (by volume) in diesel at different injection pressures of 500, 1000 and 1500 bar. A measurement system consisting of a high-speed camera was used to visualize the droplets' micro-explosions and a thermocouple measured the temperature. Our measurements indicated that the emulsion shear in the injector nozzle shifted the emulsion droplet size distribution towards the smaller end resulting in a delay in the onset of micro-explosion. This delay in the onset of the micro-explosion is thought to be due to the decrease in the dispersed water coalescence rate which, in turn, increases the stability of the emulsion. The results also show that this delay in the onset of micro-explosion, and the temperature required for its onset, increased with injection pressure.

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Section: Micro-explosion Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Fuel Injection Equipment of Water-In-Diesel Emulsions on Micro-Explosion Behaviour

et al. 2018

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“…Moreover, there is still a lot of progress to be made in the selection of the emulsifiers and in surfactant with the aim to guarantee the stability of the emulsion fuels for a regular on-board vehicle storage before its use [14]. Surfactants have an additional cost, and, according to the literature papers, they can lead to hazardous emissions during combustion, based on their chemical nature [15]; thus, the use of a stable emulsion with a very low level of surfactant is desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Water-in-Gasoline Emulsion Produced through Micro-Channels Emulsification

Tornatore¹,

Marchitto²,

Teodosio³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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This paper presents an experimental study investigating the effects of water-in-gasoline emulsion (WiGE) on the performance and emissions of a turbocharged PFI spark-ignition engine. The emulsions were produced through a micro-channels emulsifier, potentially capable to work inline, without addition of surfactants. Measurements were performed at a 3000 rpm speed and net Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP) of 16 bar: the engine point representative of commercial ECU map was chosen as reference. In this condition, the engine, fueled with gasoline, runs overfueled (λ = 0.9) to preserve the integrity of the turbocharger from excessive temperature, and the spark timing corresponds to the knock limit. Starting from the reference point, two different water contents in emulsion were tested, 10% and 20% by volume, respectively. For each selected emulsion, at λ = 0.9, the spark timing was advanced from the reference point value to the new knock limit, controlling the IMEP at a constant level. Further, the cooling effect of water evaporation in WiGE allowed it to work at stoichiometric condition, with evident benefits on the fuel economy. Main outcomes highlight fuel consumption improvements of about 7% under stoichiometric mixture and optimized spark timing, while avoiding an excessive increase in turbine thermal stress. Emulsions induce a slight worsening in the HC emissions, arising from the relative impact on combustion development. On the other hand, at stoichiometric condition, HC and CO emissions drop with a corresponding increase in NO.

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Gasoline Water Direct Injection (GWDI) as a Key Feature for Future Gasoline Engines

Heinrich

Dörksen

Esch

et al. 2017

Knocking in Gasoline Engines

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Influence of Micro Emulsions on Diesel Engine Combustion

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

The Effect of Fuel Injection Equipment of Water-In-Diesel Emulsions on Micro-Explosion Behaviour

The Effect of Fuel Injection Equipment of Water-In-Diesel Emulsions on Micro-Explosion Behaviour

Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Water-in-Gasoline Emulsion Produced through Micro-Channels Emulsification

Gasoline Water Direct Injection (GWDI) as a Key Feature for Future Gasoline Engines

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