Influence of Micro-EDM on the Phase Transformation Behaviour of Medical-Grade Nitinol

Mwangi, James Wamai; Weisheit, Linda; Bui, Viet D.; Zanjani, Matin Yahyavi; Schubert, Andreas

doi:10.1007/s40830-018-00195-1

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Electric discharge machining (EDM) is often identified as one of the most adequate non-traditional machining processes engaged to machine difficult-to-process metallic biomaterials under tight tolerances [ 201 , 202 ]. EDM’s working principle is based on spark erosion since it uses electrical energy to generate an electric spark, followed by the removal of excess material.…”

Section: Surface Modification Of Metallic Implant Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on metallic implant biomaterials and their subtractive manufacturing

Davis

Singh

Jackson

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

145

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There is a tremendous increase in the demand for converting biomaterials into high-quality industrially manufactured human body parts, also known as medical implants. Drug delivery systems, bone plates, screws, cranial, and dental devices are the popular examples of these implants - the potential alternatives for human life survival. However, the processing techniques of an engineered implant largely determine its preciseness, surface characteristics, and interactive ability with the adjacent tissue(s) in a particular biological environment. Moreover, the high cost-effective manufacturing of an implant under tight tolerances remains a challenge. In this regard, several subtractive or additive manufacturing techniques are employed to manufacture patient-specific implants, depending primarily on the required biocompatibility, bioactivity, surface integrity, and fatigue strength. The present paper reviews numerous non-degradable and degradable metallic implant biomaterials such as stainless steel (SS), titanium (Ti)-based, cobalt (Co)-based, nickel-titanium (NiTi), and magnesium (Mg)-based alloys, followed by their processing via traditional turning, drilling, and milling including the high-speed multi-axis CNC machining, and non-traditional abrasive water jet machining (AWJM), laser beam machining (LBM), ultrasonic machining (USM), and electric discharge machining (EDM) types of subtractive manufacturing techniques. However, the review further funnels down its primary focus on Mg, NiTi, and Ti-based alloys on the basis of the increasing trend of their implant applications in the last decade due to some of their outstanding properties. In the recent years, the incorporation of cryogenic coolant-assisted traditional subtraction of biomaterials has gained researchers’ attention due to its sustainability, environment-friendly nature, performance, and superior biocompatible and functional outcomes fitting for medical applications. However, some of the latest studies reported that the medical implant manufacturing requirements could be more remarkably met using the non-traditional subtractive manufacturing approaches. Altogether, cryogenic machining among the traditional routes and EDM among the non-traditional means along with their variants, were identified as some of the most effective subtractive manufacturing techniques for achieving the dimensionally accurate and biocompatible metallic medical implants with significantly modified surfaces.

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Section: Surface Modification Of Metallic Implant Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on metallic implant biomaterials and their subtractive manufacturing

Davis

Singh

Jackson

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Shape memory behaviour of Nitinol is a thermo-mechanical phase transformation between the martensitic and austenitic phases. In micro-EDM, the high energy dissipated for material removal can significantly change the SMA phase transformation behaviour to reduce thermal hysteresis (Mwangi et al, 2018). Kannan et al (2018) compared different post-heat treatment processes on the laser-welded Nitinol sheet and found that laser processing has a lower difference in phase transformation temperature due to self-quenching and controlled heat input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-response optimization of EDM drilling parameters of the Nitinol SMA

2021

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The demand for Nitinol (SMA) is increasing rapidly for various applications. With the aim of optimum control parameters of EDM, 46 experiments completed on six specimens of 6.156 mm thickness using Sparkonix EDM drill machine. Current (I), voltage (V), charging-time (TON), discharging-time (TOFF), and dielectric pressure (DP) were taken as input control parameters. Single-indexed optimization of material removal rate (MRR), tool-wear rate (TWR), and degree of tapperness (DoT) are evaluated using gray relational grade (GRG). Individual control-parameter contributions are evaluated using Taguchi and ANOVA. The obtained optimal input control parameters were used for the confirmation experiment, and the obtained result gives good agreement to it. V and TON are found as the most significant parameters. Maximum and minimum values of MRR, TWR, and DoT have been recorded as 0.0277 & 0.0074 g/min, 0.0177 & 0.0033 g/min, and 0.032 & 0.01 radians respectively. MRR, TWR, and DoT improved by 49.1, 4.5, and 43.3 %, respectively.

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Nitinol manufacturing and micromachining: A review of processes and their suitability in processing medical-grade nitinol

Mwangi

Nguyen

Bui

et al. 2019

Journal of Manufacturing Processes

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Influence of Micro-EDM on the Phase Transformation Behaviour of Medical-Grade Nitinol

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

A comprehensive review on metallic implant biomaterials and their subtractive manufacturing

A comprehensive review on metallic implant biomaterials and their subtractive manufacturing

Multi-response optimization of EDM drilling parameters of the Nitinol SMA

Nitinol manufacturing and micromachining: A review of processes and their suitability in processing medical-grade nitinol

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