Influence of methionine-enkephalin and morphine on myoelectric activity of small bowel

Konturek, S. J.; Thor, Piotr; Król, Ryszard B.; Dembiński, Artur; Schally, A. V.

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1980.238.4.g384

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Although the small intestines were studied in situ, the animals were anesthetized, and the intestines were empty. Some published data show that the intestinal spike activity (10,20) or phasic activity (8,9) could be enhanced in dogs exposed to opioids, such as morphine or loperamide. Use of opioid anesthesia could have therefore increased the incidence of spike activity during the course of the experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal and circumferential spike patches in the canine small intestine in vivo

Lammers

Donck

Schuurkes

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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. Longitudinal and circumferential spike patches in the canine small intestine in vivo. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 285: G1014-G1027, 2003. First published July 3, 2003 10.1152/ajpgi.00138. 2003In an open-abdominal anesthetized and fasted canine model of the intact small intestine, the presence, location, shape, and frequency of spike patches were investigated. Recordings were performed with a 240-electrode array (24 ϫ 10, 2-mm interelectrode distance) from several sites sequentially, spanning the whole length of the small intestine. All 240 electrograms were recorded simultaneously during periods of 5 min and were analyzed to reconstruct the origin and propagation of individual spikes. At every level in the small intestine, spikes propagated in all directions before stopping abruptly, thereby activating a circumscribed area termed a "patch." Two types of spikes were found: longitudinal spikes, which propagated predominantly in the longitudinal direction and occurred most often in the duodenum, and a second type, circumferential spikes, which propagated predominantly in the circular direction and occurred much more frequently in the jejunum and ileum. Circumferential spikes conducted faster than longitudinal spikes (17 Ϯ 6 and 7 Ϯ 2 cm/s, respectively; P Ͻ 0.001). Circumferential spikes originated in Ͼ90% of all cases from the antimesenteric border, whereas longitudinal spikes were initiated all around the circumference of the intestinal tube. Finally, the spatial sequence of spike patches after the slow wave was very irregular in the upper part of the intestine but much more regular in the lower part. In conclusion, spikes and spike patches occur throughout the small intestine, whereas their type, sites of origin, extent of propagation, and frequencies of occurrence differ along the length of the small intestine, suggesting differences in local patterns of motility. slow waves; spike patches; duodenum; jejunum; ileum INTESTINAL MOTILITY IS INITIATED by slow waves and by action potentials (spikes) that may or may not occur in the wake of the slow wave (6,18,19,23). Several studies have investigated the temporal relationship between slow waves and spikes and between spikes and motility (2,3,5,7,16,25,26). Not much attention, however, has been given to the spatial pattern of spike propagation (6, 17) or to possible regional variations along the small intestine. Recently, it was shown that spikes propagate for a limited extent in time and space before terminating spontaneously, thereby activating a relatively small area termed a spike "patch" (11). These patches were demonstrated in isolated tissues in vitro, in a single species, the cat, and in one part of the intestine, the duodenum. The question therefore arises as to whether spike patches also occur in another species, in the whole organism, and in other parts of the small intestine.We are now presenting an approach enabling us to record in vivo electrical signals from 240 extracellular sites simultaneously from the serosal surface of the intact c...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal and circumferential spike patches in the canine small intestine in vivo

Lammers

Donck

Schuurkes

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…This apparent discrepancy in findings may be due to a species difference in opiate receptors. A difference in the effects of ME and morphine on canine ileal myoelectrical activity would also suggest a species difference (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Opiate-mediated Responses of the Feline Ileum and Ileocecal Sphincter

Ouyang¹,

Clain²,

Snape³

et al. 1982

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Although opioid peptides have been demonstrated immunohistochemically in the feline intestine, the action of these peptides is unknown. The aims of this study were: (a) to determine the distal ileal and ileocecal sphincter (ICS) responses to morphine sulfate (MS), methionine enkephalin (ME) and leucine enkephalin (LE); (b) to determine the mechanism by which exogenous opiates mediate these responses; (c) to determine the type of receptor involved in mediating these responses and (d) to ascertain whether endogenous opiate-mediated responses may be vagally induced. The ICS responded to all three opiate agonists with tonic and phasic contractions, the latter being associated with increased spike activity. The EDmax for ICS pressure response was 1 ug/kg for ME, 5 ,g/kg for LE, and 150 Ag/kg for MS. The distal ileum responded with increased spike activity and phasic contractions. The EDmax for the ileal motility index response was 1.0 X 10-/ug/kg for ME, 1 ,g/kg for LE, and 150 ,ug/kg for MS. Thus, both sites demonstrated similar dose-response relationships, both responding to at least 100 times lower doses of enkephalins than MS. The ICS contraction preceded ileal contractions. The ileal and ICS response was not antagonized by atropine, hexamethonium, phentolamine, propranolol, cinanserin, or tetrodotoxin. Naloxone, 600 ag/kg, antagonized the response to the enkephalins while 10 jig/kg antagonized the response to MS. Higher doses of the specific-receptor agonist SKF 10047 and K-receptor agonist ketocyclazocine were required before a contractile response was elicited. Electrical stimulation of the cervical vagus induced ICS contraction and a fall in blood pressure. The ICS contractile response but not the blood pressure

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“…Low doses of morphine have been reported to induce premature phase III-like activity in dogs (Konturek et al, 1980, Sarna et al, 1984Lewis et al, 1999) and humans (Waterfall, 1983), whereas a supramaximal dose of morphine did not initiate premature phase III contractions and alter the migration of migrating myoelectric complexes (Sarna et al, 1982).…”

Section: Epidural Analgesia and Gastrointestinal Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidural analgesia and gastrointestinal motility after open abdominal surgery-a review

Nakayoshi

Kawasaki

Suzuki

et al. 2008

J. Smooth Muscle Res.

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After major abdominal surgery, postoperative ileus is inevitable, and it has always been a challenge for the surgical team to shorten the duration of this period. Based on many clinical and basic reports that affirm the effect on the recovery of gastrointestinal motility, epidural analgesia has been used widely to promote recovery from postoperative ileus. Different techniques have been used to measure gastrointestinal motility in laboratory and clinical investigations. Many of the techniques used in clinical investigations of gastrointestinal motility are controversial because they are subjective. In the laboratory strain gauge force transducer (SGT) can provide objective data on gastrointestinal motility. Nevertheless the significance of SGT in the clinical setting is yet to be confirmed. Therefore in this review we examine both clinical and laboratory outcomes of epidural analgesia on gastrointestinal motility to present the possibility for the development of gastrointestinal motility research with SGTs. We suggest that further investigation using SGTs may lead to the development of objective methods that allow objective assessment of post-surgical gastrointestinal function.

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Influence of methionine-enkephalin and morphine on myoelectric activity of small bowel

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Longitudinal and circumferential spike patches in the canine small intestine in vivo

Longitudinal and circumferential spike patches in the canine small intestine in vivo

Characterization of Opiate-mediated Responses of the Feline Ileum and Ileocecal Sphincter

Epidural analgesia and gastrointestinal motility after open abdominal surgery-a review

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