Influence of Metabolic Status and Diet on Early Pregnant Equine Histotroph Proteome: Preliminary Findings

Pennington, Parker M.; Splan, Rebecca K.; Jacobs, R.D.; Chen, Yong; Singh, Ram Pratap; Li, Yue; Guček, Marjan; Wagner, Anne; Freeman, Elizabeth W.; Pukazhenthi, Budhan S.

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2020.102938

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In humans, elevated serum AFM levels may suggest a state of oxidative stress and inflammation strongly associated with insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome [ 81 ], while increased levels have also been detected by mass spectrometry in the uterine fluid of early pregnant horses with insulin resistance compared to animals without insulin resistance. Moreover, dietary omega-3 supplementation, which is endowed with an anti-inflammatory activity, has been shown to reduce AFM levels [ 82 ]. This may suggest that our dietary supplementation has a similar effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation with Boswellia serrata, Verbascum thapsus, and Curcuma longa in Show Jumping Horses: Effects on Serum Proteome, Antioxidant Status, and Anti-Inflammatory Gene Expression

Beghelli

Zallocco

Angeloni

et al. 2023

Life

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Intense exercise can cause inflammation and oxidative stress due to the production of reactive oxygen species. These pathophysiological processes are interdependent, and each one can induce the other, creating a vicious circle. A placebo-controlled blind study was carried out in show jumping horses (n. 16) to evaluate the effects of a commercial dietary supplement (Dolhorse® N.B.F. Lanes srl, Milan, Italy) containing Verbascum thapsus leaf powder (1.42%), Curcuma longa (14.280 mg/kg), and Boswellia serrata (Roxb ex Colebr) (14.280 mg/kg) extracts. Before and after 10 days of dietary supplementation, blood samples were collected to evaluate the protein levels, antioxidants, and inflammatory responses by proteomic analysis or real-time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time RT-PCR). A total of 36 protein spots, connected to 29 proteins, were modulated by dietary supplementation, whereas real-time RT-PCR revealed a significant downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1α (p < 0.05) and interleukin-6 (0.005), toll-like receptor 4 (p < 0.05), and IKBKB (p < 0.05) in supplemented sport horses. Immunoglobulin chains, gelsolin, plasminogen, vitamin D binding protein, apolipoprotein AIV, and filamin B were overexpressed, whereas haptoglobin, α-2-HS-glycoprotein, α2-macroglobulin, afamin, amine oxidase, 60S acidic ribosomal protein, and complement fragments 3, 4, and 7 were reduced. No effect was observed on the antioxidant defense systems. The present results suggest this phytotherapy may reinforce the innate immune responses, thus representing a valid adjuvant to alleviate inflammation, which is a pathophysiological process in sport horses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation with Boswellia serrata, Verbascum thapsus, and Curcuma longa in Show Jumping Horses: Effects on Serum Proteome, Antioxidant Status, and Anti-Inflammatory Gene Expression

Beghelli

Zallocco

Angeloni

et al. 2023

Life

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“…However, these findings have not been conclusively supported by all studies ( 66 , 89 ). More recently, maternal obesity was associated with increased inflammation (with higher levels of TNF and IL1β) and oxidative stress in endometrium ( 70 ), as well as changes in the uterine proteome ( 90 ) in pregnant mares. The question remains if obesity and metabolic disease affect the uterine environment to the extent of causing harm to the growing embryo.…”

Section: Pregnancy and Postpartum Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of obesity and insulin dysregulation on mare reproduction, pregnancy, and foal health: a review

2023

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Obesity is a growing welfare concern in modern equine populations and predisposes horses to disturbances in energy metabolism such as insulin dysregulation. However, equine metabolic syndrome has only been recognized in recent decades. Functioning energy metabolism is pivotal to normal body homeostasis and affects essentially all organ systems, including reproduction. Previous literature suggests that obesity has an effect not only on the reproductive processes in mares but also on offspring health, predisposing the offspring to later-onset orthopedic and metabolic problems. This review focuses on the effects of obesity, insulin dysregulation and hyperinsulinemia on the reproductive functions of mares and the implications on foal health before and after birth. The points of interest are the cyclicity and ovarian function, uterine environment, gestation, the postpartum period, and the newborn foal. The aim is to review the current state of knowledge, and identify outstanding questions that could stimulate future research. This topic is important not only from the equine industry and production perspective but is also relevant for the welfare of future populations and individuals.

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“…Proteomics are also an up-and-coming research tool to assess therapeutic interventions and explore pathophysiology of disease. In a paper 190 investigating dietary omega-3 supplementation in ID mares, proteomics of the uterine fluid found inflammatory biomarkers decreased when compared to controls and ID mares not receiving the supplement. Proteomic approaches have also shown utility in assessing treatment and biomarkers for equine muscle diseases 191 and biomarkers for human OA.…”

Section: Proteomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A one-health approach to identifying and mitigating the impact of endocrine disorders on human and equine athletes

Manfredi

Jacob

Boger

et al. 2022

ajvr

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Endocrinopathies affect multiple species in ever-increasing percentages of their populations, creating an opportunity to apply one-health approaches to determining creative preventative measures and therapies in athletes. Obesity and alterations in insulin and glucose dynamics are medical concerns that play a role in whole-body health and homeostasis in both horses and humans. The role and impact of endocrine disorders on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems are of particular interest to the athlete. Elucidation of both physiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in disease processes, starting in utero, is important for development of prevention and treatment strategies for the health and well-being of all species. This review focuses on the unrecognized effects of endocrine disorders associated with the origins of metabolic disease; inflammation at the intersection of endocrine disease and related diseases in the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems; novel interventions; and diagnostics that are informed via multiomic and one-health approaches. Readers interested in further details on specific equine performance conditions associated with endocrine disease are invited to read the companion Currents in One Health by Manfredi et al, JAVMA, February 2023.

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Influence of Metabolic Status and Diet on Early Pregnant Equine Histotroph Proteome: Preliminary Findings

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Dietary Supplementation with Boswellia serrata, Verbascum thapsus, and Curcuma longa in Show Jumping Horses: Effects on Serum Proteome, Antioxidant Status, and Anti-Inflammatory Gene Expression

Dietary Supplementation with Boswellia serrata, Verbascum thapsus, and Curcuma longa in Show Jumping Horses: Effects on Serum Proteome, Antioxidant Status, and Anti-Inflammatory Gene Expression

The effects of obesity and insulin dysregulation on mare reproduction, pregnancy, and foal health: a review

A one-health approach to identifying and mitigating the impact of endocrine disorders on human and equine athletes

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