Influence of mechanical treatments on the properties of cellulose nanofibers isolated from microcrystalline cellulose

Bandera, Davide; Sapkota, Janak; Josset, Sébastien; Weder, Christoph; Tingaut, Philippe; Gao, Xin; Foster, E. Johan; Zimmermann, Tanja

doi:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.09.009

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The images reveal the expected structures and aspect ratios for all nano‐ and microcelluloses, i.e., well‐dispersed whisker‐like rods with increasing aspect ratio for cellulose nanocrystals derived from cotton (c‐CNCs), cellulose nanocrystals derived from the pseudostem of banana plants (b‐CNCs), and cellulose nanocrystals derived from tunicates (t‐CNCs), and entangled networks for MFC. The images of ultrasonicated aqueous mixtures of MCC and PVOH (Supporting Information Figure S2) show that the MCC grade used here disintegrates into CNCs (hereafter referred to as m‐CNCs, vide infra ) and not to MFC, as observed previously for polyol‐containing MCC‐solutions, which is most probably due to the lower PVOH‐concentration in the mixtures described in the present work.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Influence of the nanofiber dimensions on the properties of nanocellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) aerogels

Mueller

Sapkota

Nicharat

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The investigation of aerogels made from cellulose nanofibers and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) as a polymeric binder is reported. Aerogels based on different nanocellulose types were studied to investigate the influence of the nanocellulose dimensions and their rigidity on the morphology and mechanical properties of the resulting aerogels. Thus, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with low (10), medium (25), and high (80) aspect ratios, isolated from cotton, banana plants, and tunicates, respectively, microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were dispersed in aqueous PVOH solutions and aerogels were prepared by freeze-drying. In addition to the cellulose type, the PVOH-and the CNC-concentration as well as the freeze-drying conditions were varied, and the materials were optionally cross-linked by an annealing step or the use of a chemical cross-linker. The data reveal that at low PVOH content, rigid, high-aspect ratio CNCs isolated from tunicates afford aerogels that show the least amount of shrinking upon freeze-drying and display the best mechanical properties. However, with increasing concentration of PVOH or upon introduction of a chemical cross-linker the differences between materials made from different nanocellulose types decrease. V C 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41740.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Influence of the nanofiber dimensions on the properties of nanocellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) aerogels

Mueller

Sapkota

Nicharat

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The crystallinity of CNW was slightly reduced in the MCC sample. These results agree with those of Bandera et al [23], who evaluated different mechanical processes in obtaining cellulose whiskers from MCC and did not observe significant differences regarding the CI.…”

Section: X-ray Diffractionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Thermal degradation behavior of cellulose nanofibers and nanowhiskers

Borsoi

Zimmernnam

Zattera

et al. 2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The thermal degradation behavior of different types of cellulose before and after mechanical defibrillation and lyophilization was studied using isothermal and nonisothermal thermogravimetric analyses, followed by other characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, degree of polymerization and scanning electron microscopy with field emission analysis. The thermogravimetric experiments were carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere at four different heating rates (5, 10, 20 and 40°C min -1 ) in a nonisothermal condition. Distinct thermal degradation behaviors were observed when the two types of cellulose were compared after defibrillation: (1) cellulose nanofibers tend to lose thermal stability and (2) cellulose nanowhiskers tend to gain thermal stability. The Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method results indicate that the apparent activation energies calculated for the cellulose fiber sample has higher values requiring more energy for the thermal decomposition. Criado curves indicated a degradation mechanism for the cellulose: one-dimensional diffusion.

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“…Fillers such as glass, mica, calcium carbonate, silicates, and cellulose are widely used as reinforcing fillers in commercially available thermoplastics to improve the physical and mechanical properties. Physical properties such as shrinkage and warpage of the composites are known to depend on the filler morphology; spherical fillers for instance yield isotropic shrinkage due to their isotropic characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrinkage and Warpage Optimization of Expanded‐Perlite‐Filled Polypropylene Composites in Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing

Spoerk

Sapkota

Weingrill

et al. 2017

Macro Materials & Eng

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128

144

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A major challenge in extrusion‐based additive manufacturing is the lack of commercially available materials compared to those in well‐established processes like injection molding or extrusion. This study aims at expanding the material database by evaluating the feasibility of polypropylene, which is one of the most common and technologically relevant semicrystalline polymers. Expanded‐perlite‐filled polypropylene and ternary blends with amorphous polyolefins are evaluated to establish an understanding of their processability and their printability. A detailed study on the shrinkage behavior, as well as on the thermal, mechanical, morphological, and warpage properties is performed. It is found that smaller sized fillers result in a tremendous warpage and shrinkage reduction and concurrently improved mechanical properties than compounds filled with bigger sized fillers. Based on the optimal properties profile, a ternary blend that can overcome the shrinkage and warpage of printed parts is suggested.

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Influence of mechanical treatments on the properties of cellulose nanofibers isolated from microcrystalline cellulose

Cited by 57 publications

References 50 publications

Influence of the nanofiber dimensions on the properties of nanocellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) aerogels

Influence of the nanofiber dimensions on the properties of nanocellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) aerogels

Thermal degradation behavior of cellulose nanofibers and nanowhiskers

Shrinkage and Warpage Optimization of Expanded‐Perlite‐Filled Polypropylene Composites in Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing

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