Influence of maturity status on the annual cycles of feeding and growth in Arctic charr reared at constant temperature

Tveiten, Helge; Johnsen, Hanne; Jobling, Malcolm

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb01486.x

Cited by 86 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…Knowledge about the occurrence of seasonal variation in growth of a farmed species is important in order to be able to adjust food rations and thereby avoid over-and under-feeding over the year. Seasonal variation in growth rate or appetite, with a depression in autumn and early winter, has previously been found in several temperate species, for example Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus (L.) (Saether et al, 1996;Tveiten et al, 1996), Atlantic salmon (Smith et al, 1993;Simpson et al, 1996) and sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) (Kavadias et al, 2003). In Arctic charr, the decrease in appetite and growth during winter occurred despite constant day length and temperature (Saether et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Individual feeding success of juvenile perch is consistent over time in aquaria and under farming conditions

Staffan¹,

Magnhagen²,

Alanärä³

2005

Journal of Fish Biology

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Juvenile (0+ year) perch Perca fluviatilis, held in tanks (1 m3) for 8 months under constant temperature (17° C) and light (12L : 12D) conditions, were weighed monthly. Individually marked fish from the tanks were placed in aquaria in groups of four and tested for feeding success, assessed as individual share of a group meal in three identical short‐term aquarium experiments separated in time (January, May and June). The groups consisted of the same individuals in each of the three experiments. In tanks, growth (thermal growth coefficient, GT) was used as a measurement of feeding success. Individual GT in tanks was consistent over time, and individual share of a group meal in aquaria was consistent between consecutive months. There was no connection between individual feeding success in aquaria and GT in tanks in May and June, and in January the factors were negatively correlated. The condition factor at the start of aquarium experiments and feeding success in aquaria were negatively correlated in June and tended to be so also in May. Boldness in aquaria was negatively correlated with growth in tanks. Thus, individuals that were successful in one environment seemed to be less successful in the other. There was a seasonal change in GT, with an increase from March to April and from April to June despite constant day length and temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Individual feeding success of juvenile perch is consistent over time in aquaria and under farming conditions

Staffan¹,

Magnhagen²,

Alanärä³

2005

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…For example, examination of group mean feed intake and body weight data failed to reveal any significant differences in feed intake and weight gain between the two strains of charr (Table 2). However, these group means included data collected from maturing individuals, and growth patterns differ between maturing and immature charr (Jobling & Baardvik 1991;Hatlen et al 1996;Tveiten et al 1996). Growth rates were significantly lower amongst the maturing than amongst the immature charr, and proportions of maturing males tended to be higher in the Hammerfest than in the Svalbard charr.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoid pigmentation in relation to feed intake, growth and social interactions in Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), from two anadromous strains

Hatlen

Arnesen

Jobling

et al. 1997

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Feed intake, growth and carotenoid pigmentation in 1 + Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), of the Hammerfest and Svalbard strains were studied in fish reared in either separate or mixed groups for 11 weeks. Hammerfest charr grew faster than charr from the Svalbard strain at the group level. The slower overall growth in the Svalbard strain was accompanied by greater variability in feed intake and growth rates than observed amongst the fish of the Hammerfest strain. The higher incidence of bite marks amongst the Svalbard chart suggested that aggressive encounters were more frequent amongst fish of this strain. No significant differences were observed in muscle carotenoid concentration. There was, however, a highly significant positive correlation between muscle carotenoid concentration and weight gain for individual fish of both strains, irrespective of whether the fish were reared separately or in mixed groups. Estimates of muscle carotenoid retention varied from 78 to 96 mg g−1, but there were no differences between strains or between fish reared in single or mixed‐strain groups. There were no differences in muscle carotenoid composition between strains or between fish reared in separate or mixed groups. Astaxanthin and idoxanthin, a metabolite of astaxanthin, were present in approximately equal proportions, and made up about 99% of the muscle carotenoid content. The results of this study suggest that flesh pigmentation and its variability may be profoundly influenced by the level of social interactions, mediated through effects on feed intake and growth. These effects may mask genetic variations in the capacity to deposit carotenoids.

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“…In the wild, most of the annual growth and energy accumulation occurs because of an intense appetite burst during the short seawater residence in summer, whereas overwintering in freshwater is characterized by anorexia and depletion of energy reserves (322–325). The seasonal cycle in food intake and growth in this species seems to be a strictly genetically programmed process as captive offspring of Arctic charr exhibit pronounced seasonal changes in food intake and growth when held at constant temperature and given food in excess (326, 327). Because of the physiologically regulated seasonal feeding cycles, Arctic charr represent an interesting model for investigation of adaptive mechanisms underlying long-term regulation of appetite and energy homeostasis (328).…”

Section: Selected Fish Adaptations In the Endocrine Regulation Of Feementioning

confidence: 99%

Appetite-Controlling Endocrine Systems in Teleosts

et al. 2017

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Mammalian studies have shaped our understanding of the endocrine control of appetite and body weight in vertebrates and provided the basic vertebrate model that involves central (brain) and peripheral signaling pathways as well as environmental cues. The hypothalamus has a crucial function in the control of food intake, but other parts of the brain are also involved. The description of a range of key neuropeptides and hormones as well as more details of their specific roles in appetite control continues to be in progress. Endocrine signals are based on hormones that can be divided into two groups: those that induce (orexigenic), and those that inhibit (anorexigenic) appetite and food consumption. Peripheral signals originate in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, adipose tissue, and other tissues and reach the hypothalamus through both endocrine and neuroendocrine actions. While many mammalian-like endocrine appetite-controlling networks and mechanisms have been described for some key model teleosts, mainly zebrafish and goldfish, very little knowledge exists on these systems in fishes as a group. Fishes represent over 30,000 species, and there is a large variability in their ecological niches and habitats as well as life history adaptations, transitions between life stages and feeding behaviors. In the context of food intake and appetite control, common adaptations to extended periods of starvation or periods of abundant food availability are of particular interest. This review summarizes the recent findings on endocrine appetite-controlling systems in fish, highlights their impact on growth and survival, and discusses the perspectives in this research field to shed light on the intriguing adaptations that exist in fish and their underlying mechanisms.

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Influence of maturity status on the annual cycles of feeding and growth in Arctic charr reared at constant temperature

Cited by 86 publications

References 39 publications

Individual feeding success of juvenile perch is consistent over time in aquaria and under farming conditions

Individual feeding success of juvenile perch is consistent over time in aquaria and under farming conditions

Carotenoid pigmentation in relation to feed intake, growth and social interactions in Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), from two anadromous strains

Appetite-Controlling Endocrine Systems in Teleosts

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