Influence of maternal periodontal health as a risk factor for low-birth-weight infants in Terai population of Nepal

Wazir, Sartaj Singh; Arora, Pallak; Ghosh, Snehashish; Bhagat, Vasuda; Khurana, Suchi; Mahanta, Swagat Kumar

doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_408_18

J Edu Health Promot

2019

DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_408_18

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Influence of maternal periodontal health as a risk factor for low-birth-weight infants in Terai population of Nepal

Sartaj Singh Wazir¹,

Pallak Arora

Snehashish Ghosh³

et al.

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Cited by 5 publications

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Linking Periodontitis to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: a Comprehensive Review and Meta-analysis

Castaño-Suárez,

Paternina-Mejía,

Vásquez‑Olmos

et al. 2024

Curr Oral Health Rep

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Purpose of Review Numerous investigations have explored the potential link between periodontitis and low birth weight (LBW) as well as preterm birth (PTB). However, the evidence remains inconclusive. Bacteria, their by-products, and proinflammatory cytokines originating from periodontal tissues can reach the placenta, inducing inflammatory changes that may contribute to pregnancy complications. Recent Findings A total of 35 studies involving 2,510,556 women were analyzed. The quality of the studies varied, but the meta-analysis consistently showed a moderate association between periodontitis and low birth weight. The observed association between periodontitis and low birth weight was moderate (OR 2.48; 95% CI 1.72–3.59), and it became even stronger when analyzing case–control studies independently (OR 3.94; 95% CI 1.95–7.96). On the other hand, the association between periodontitis and preterm birth was weak (OR 1.87; 95% CI 1.57–2.22) with highly significant heterogeneity. However, the presence of high heterogeneity and publication bias in the studies casts some limitations on the confidence in the results. Summary The available evidence, albeit of low quality, supports a moderate association between periodontitis and low birth weight, as well as a weak association with preterm delivery. Nonetheless, these findings must be interpreted cautiously, given the limited confidence in the effect estimates due to potential biases and heterogeneity in the studies.

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Linking Periodontitis to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: a Comprehensive Review and Meta-analysis

Castaño-Suárez,

Paternina-Mejía,

Vásquez‑Olmos

et al. 2024

Curr Oral Health Rep

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Fear of COVID-19 in Madrid. Will patients avoid dental care?

González-Olmo¹,

Delgado-Ramos²,

Ortega-Martínez³

et al. 2022

International Dental Journal

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Introduction The objective of this research is to describe how perceived infectability, germ aversion, and fear of COVID-19 in adults in Madrid have changed from the beginning of the pandemic until the lockdown exit phase and their influence on dental care behaviour. Materials and Methods Some 961 participants were monitored in a study in Madrid at 2 time points: before lockdown (T0) and after completion of the total lockdown (T1). A questionnaire that included basic sociodemographic variables, the perceived vulnerability to disease scale (including perceived infectability and germ aversion), the fear of COVID-19 scale, and dental visiting behaviour after confinement for fear of COVID was administered. Results The participants had higher scores for infectability and germ aversion at T1 than at T0 ( P < 0.01). Of those studied, 24.5% (235) of the participants would not go to the dentist for fear of COVID-19. Those who had a high perceived infectability scale score were at least 5 times more likely to not visit the dentist. Those with high COVID-19 fear were at least 6 times more likely to not visit the dentist, and those older than 60 years were 8 times more likely to not visit. Conclusions The population's high levels of vulnerability to infectability and perceived germ aversion associated with fear of COVID-19 and the resultant avoidance behaviour to dental care will remain until an effective drug or vaccine for SARS-CoV2 is found.

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mTOR Signaling in the Regulation of CD4+ T Cell Subsets in Periodontal Diseases

Jiang

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Periodontal disease results from the inflammatory infiltration by the microbial community which is marked through tooth mobility and alveolar bone resorption. The inflammation in periodontal disease is mediated by CD4+ T cells through cytokine secretion and osteoclastogenetic activity. Historically, the inflammatory model in periodontal disease is described through disruption of the balance between two subsets of T helper cells which are T-helper type 1 (Th1) and T-helper type 2 (Th2). However, more and more studies have found that apart from subsets of helper T cells, regulatory T-cells and Th17 cells are also involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Growing evidence proves that helper T cells differentiation, activation, and subset determination are under the strong impact of mTOR signaling. mTOR signaling could promote Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation and inhibit Treg commitment through different mTOR complexes, therefore we anticipate a regulation effect of mTOR signaling on periodontal diseases by regulating CD4+ T cell subsets. This review aims to integrate the topical researches about the role of different types of Th cells in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, as well as the regulation of mTOR signaling in the specification and selection of Th cell commitment.

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Influence of maternal periodontal health as a risk factor for low-birth-weight infants in Terai population of Nepal

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Linking Periodontitis to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: a Comprehensive Review and Meta-analysis

Linking Periodontitis to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: a Comprehensive Review and Meta-analysis

Fear of COVID-19 in Madrid. Will patients avoid dental care?

mTOR Signaling in the Regulation of CD4+ T Cell Subsets in Periodontal Diseases

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