Influence of manufacturing conditions and discrimination of Northern Spanish cheeses using multi‐element analysis

Abstract

Thirty‐three samples of cheeses belonging to different Protected Designation of Origin (PDOs) located in Northern Spain were analysed with the aim of studying the influence of processing conditions on the minerals and trace elements content in cheeses. The use of sheep milk, animal rennet, salting by immersion in a brine bath and ripening in cheeses reported, in general, the highest levels of trace elements. Moreover, pattern recognition analysis of multi‐elemental data, based on mineral and trace element content, was used to determine geographical traceability and to detect possible imitations with a correct classification in 98.5% of cases.

Greek Graviera Cheese Assessment through Elemental Metabolomics—Implications for Authentication, Safety and Nutrition

“…North Aegean cheeses showed much higher levels of Rb, Cs (alkali metals) and Sr, Ba (alkaline earth metals) in agreement with previous studies [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 15 , 18 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], where alkali and alkaline earth metals, especially Rb, Cs, Sr and Ba, were proven reliable cheese authenticity markers. Another interesting result shown in Table 2 is that the precious metals Au, Pd & Ru were found in higher amounts in Thessaly’s cheeses.…”

“…Authenticity of dairy products can be assessed by various analytical techniques such as molecular [ 6 ], chromatographic [ 7 ], vibrational and fluorescence spectroscopy [ 8 ], elemental fingerprinting [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], isotopic [ 12 ], non-chromatographic mass spectrometry [ 13 ] and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) [ 14 ]. Cheese authentication through elemental fingerprinting has been highlighted in several articles [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. However, these publications do not take into account the comprehensive elemental profile as proposed by elemental metabolomics, including Rare Earth Elements (REE) and precious metals [ 19 ].…”

“…The elemental content of animal products depends, beyond feed-vegetation intake, on various factors such as animal species (e.g., cow, sheep or goat), mineral supplementation, drinking water and production practices. Moreover, the elemental profile of soil and mineral pollution are associated with each specific geographical area and characterize the origin [ 9 , 12 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Minerals multi-element analysis and its relationship with geographical origin of artisanal Mexican goat cheeses

“…The data were collected in a matrix of dimensions (J*M) K, where J = 8 cheeses (2 types of cheeses and 4 places), M = 6 repetitions and K = 17 elements for a total 816 data. Descriptive analysis and central tendency (mean and standard deviation), as well as one-way (type of cheese) analysis of variance (ANDVA) and a Tukey post hoc test to determine significant difference in the minerals concentration between both types of cheeses were applied (Peláez-Puerto et al,2004;Moreno-Rojas et al,2012).…”

Sensory perception of Brazilian petit suisse cheese by a consumer panel using three-way internal and external preference maps

“…9 The classic internal preference map is obtained using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and allows graphical visualization of the samples that were given the highest hedonic scores in the consumer acceptance analysis and allows the determination of similarities or differences among the samples as a function of the hedonic scores obtained. 10,11 . However, this analysis allows for the evaluation of only one attribute (e.g., appearance, taste or overall appearance) at a time.…”