Influence of machining on the surface integrity of high- and medium-entropy alloys

Richter, Tim; Schroepfer, Dirk; Rhode, Michael; Boerner, Andreas; Neumann, R. Saliwan; Schneider, Mike; Laplanche, Guillaume

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.125271

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Litwa et al [22] investigated the effect of depth of cut, feed per cutting edge, and cutting speed on the Cantor alloy, observing reduced cutting forces at a low depth of cut and feed rate and at high cutting speeds. These results are in accordance with those reported by Richter et al in [20,23], who investigated ball-nose-end milling with ultrasonic assistance on the Cantor alloy by systematically varying feed per cutting edge and cutting speed, and combining them with the use of ultrasonic assistance. The use of ultrasonic-assisted milling (USAM) reported improved machinability in terms of cutting forces and surface integrity, reducing residual stresses on the surface and subsurface.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…However, for potential applications, it is still necessary to bridge the gap regarding processability, since publications in this matter are scarce, hence the importance of researching, for example, machining processes on these novel alloys. So far, research on the machinability of HEA systems is limited [18][19][20][21][22][23], with the majority focusing on the Cantor alloy. Gou et al [18] conducted a study on different machining processes on the Cantor alloy, including milling, grinding, mechanical polishing, electrodischarge machining, and electropolishing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Milling Conditions on AlxCoCrFeNiMoy Multi-Principal-Element Alloys

et al. 2023

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Multi-Principal-Element or High-Entropy Alloys (MPEAs/HEAs) have gained increasing interest in the past two decades largely due to their outstanding properties such as superior mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. However, research studies on their processability are still scarce. This work assesses the effect of different machining conditions on the machinability of these novel alloys, with the objective of advancing the introduction of MPEA systems into industrial applications. The present study focuses on the experimental analysis of finish-milling conditions and their effects on the milling process and resulting surface finish of CoCrFeNi, Al0.3CoCrFeNi and Al0.3CoCrFeNiMo0.2 alloys fabricated via Spark Plasma Sintering. Ball-nose-end milling experiments have been carried out various milling parameters such as cutting speed, feed per cutting edge, and ultrasonic assistance. In situ measurements of cutting forces and temperature on the tool edge were performed during the experiments, and surface finish and tool wear were analyzed afterwards. The results exhibited decreasing cutting forces by means of low feed per cutting edge and reduced process temperatures at low cutting speed, with the use of ultrasonic-assisted milling. It was shown that the machinability of these modern alloys through conventional, as well as modern machining methods such as ultrasonic-assisted milling, is viable, and common theories in machining can be transferred to these novel MPEAs.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Milling Conditions on AlxCoCrFeNiMoy Multi-Principal-Element Alloys

et al. 2023

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“…Final heat treatments (1 h at 1293 K for CoCrFeMnNi) and (1 h at 1333 K for CoCrNi) were performed to recrystallize the alloys and produce a similar grain size of approximately 50 µm for both alloys. The preparation of the single-phase FCC alloys [20,21] is described in more detail in [22][23][24]. The chemical composition of the ingots was determined by electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) in a JEOL JXA-8900-RL system and by spot measurements at 50 different locations per sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Surface Preparation on Cracking Phenomena in TIG-Welded High and Medium Entropy Alloys

Richter

Giese

Rhode

et al. 2021

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Multi-element systems with defined entropy (HEA—high entropy alloy or MEA—medium entropy alloy) are rather new material concepts that are becoming increasingly important in materials research and development. Some HEA systems show significantly improved properties or combinations of properties, e.g., the overcoming of the trade-off between high strength and ductility. Thus, the synthesis, the resulting microstructures, and properties of HEA have been primarily investigated so far. In addition, processing is crucial to achieve a transfer of potential HEA/MEA materials to real applications, e.g., highly stressed components. Since fusion welding is the most important joining process for metals, it is of vital importance to investigate the weldability of these materials. However, this has rarely been the subject of research to date. For that reason, in this work, the weldability depending on the surface preparation of a CoCrFeMnNi HEA and a CoCrNi MEA for TIG welding is investigated. The fusion welding of longer plates is described here for the first time for the CoCrNi alloy. The welds of both materials showed distinct formation of cracks in the heat affected zone (HAZ). Optical and scanning electron microscopy analysis clearly confirmed an intergranular fracture topography. However, based on the results, the crack mechanism cannot be conclusively identified as either a liquid metal embrittlement (LME) or hot cracking-like liquid film separation.

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“…A better understanding of the relationship between the corrosion process and surface composition/structure can be used to develop new materials or improve existing materials . Surface properties play a role in many areas of research, including the influence of surface composition or properties on catalytic activity, , the effect of surface topography on adhesive properties and wettability, , and understanding the influence of machining on surface integrity . These properties can be modified or improved by surface modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Surface properties play a role in many areas of research, including the influence of surface composition or properties on catalytic activity, 3,4 the effect of surface topography on adhesive properties and wettability, 5,6 and understanding the influence of machining on surface integrity. 7 These properties can be modified or improved by surface modification. Therefore, surface-sensitive techniques play an important role in understanding the physical and chemical properties of the material surface.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Depths of Corrosion: A Novel GE-XANES Technique for Investigating Compositionally Complex Alloys

et al. 2023

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In this study, we propose the use of nondestructive, depth-resolved, element-specific characterization using grazing exit X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (GE-XANES) to investigate the corrosion process in compositionally complex alloys (CCAs). By combining grazing exit X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (GE-XRF) geometry and a pnCCD detector, we provide a scanning-free, nondestructive, depth-resolved analysis in a sub-micrometer depth range, which is especially relevant for layered materials, such as corroded CCAs. Our setup allows for spatial and energy-resolved measurements and directly extracts the desired fluorescence line, free from scattering events and other overlapping lines. We demonstrate the potential of our approach on a compositionally complex CrCoNi alloy and a layered reference sample with known composition and specific layer thickness. Our findings indicate that this new GE-XANES approach has exciting opportunities for studying surface catalysis and corrosion processes in real-world materials.

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Influence of machining on the surface integrity of high- and medium-entropy alloys

Cited by 14 publications

References 58 publications

Influence of Milling Conditions on AlxCoCrFeNiMoy Multi-Principal-Element Alloys

Influence of Milling Conditions on AlxCoCrFeNiMoy Multi-Principal-Element Alloys

Influence of Surface Preparation on Cracking Phenomena in TIG-Welded High and Medium Entropy Alloys

Exploring the Depths of Corrosion: A Novel GE-XANES Technique for Investigating Compositionally Complex Alloys

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