Influence of Low‐Temperature Environmental Exposure on the Mechanical Properties and Structural Stability of Dental Zirconia

Alghazzawi, Tariq F.; Lemons, Jack E.; Liu, Perng‐Ru; Essig, Milton E.; Bartolucci, Alfred A.; Janowski, Gregg M.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-849x.2011.00838.x

Cited by 86 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Over the last five years, most in vitro studies have focused mainly on the effect of surface treatment on the wear of the material itself and/or antagonists,[24À35] surface roughness, [24,25,27,34,36À38] fracture resistance, [35,39À45] flexural strength, [23,44,46] chipping resistance, [23] compressive strength, [44] elastic modulus, [44] hardness, [33] laser transmission, [47] LTD [48] and CTE-generated stress fields in monolithic zirconia, [49] translucency and colour (Table 1). [35,46,50À56] Although the results from in vitro studies may not fully reflect the clinical performance of the materials due to the complexity of the clinical environment, they have still contributed to the accumulation of a growing body of useful information on the performance of monolithic zirconia.…”

Section: In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alghazzawi et al [48] showed that low-temperature exposure during the fabrication procedures for monolithic zirconia restorations significantly increased the surface roughness (from 12 to 22 nm (R a ) and monoclinic phase fractions but significantly decreased the hardness (17 to 15 GPa) and Young's modulus (276 to 257 GPa). No significant effect on the yttria content and flexural strength was observed.…”

Section: Low-temperature Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview of monolithic zirconia in dentistry

Malkondu

Tınastepe

Akan

et al. 2016

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Zirconia restorations have been used successfully for years in dentistry owing to their biocompatibility and good mechanical properties. Because of their lack of translucency, zirconia cores are generally veneered with porcelain, which makes restorations weaker due to failure of the adhesion between the two materials. In recent years, all-ceramic zirconia restorations have been introduced in the dental sector with the intent to solve this problem. Besides the elimination of chipping, the reduced occlusal space requirement seems to be a clear advantage of monolithic zirconia restorations. However, scientific evidence is needed to recommend this relatively new application for clinical use. This mini-review discusses the current scientific literature on monolithic zirconia restorations. The results of in vitro studies suggested that monolithic zirconia may be the best choice for posterior fixed partial dentures in the presence of high occlusal loads and minimal occlusal restoration space. The results should be supported with much more in vitro and particularly in vivo studies to obtain a final conclusion.

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Section: In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Low-temperature Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of monolithic zirconia in dentistry

Malkondu

Tınastepe

Akan

et al. 2016

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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“…Cattani-Lorente et al 24) , Alghazzawi et al 25) , Catledge et al 26) and Santos et al 27) found a strong linear correlation between the increase in monoclinic fraction and decrease in surface hardness. However, no linear correlation between amount of monoclinic phase and surface hardness was observed in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of multiple firings on the microstructure of zirconia and veneering ceramics

2016

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The aim of study was to evaluate the effects of multiple firings on the microstructures of zirconia and two ceramics. Vita VM9 (VM-Z) and Cerabien ZR (C-Z) ceramics on a zirconia framework and zirconia without veneering ceramic (WO-Z) were evaluated. Firing methods included firing two, five, and ten times (n=10). The effects of multiple firings on the surface hardness of the materials were evaluated using a Vickers hardness (HV) tester. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). After firing five and ten times, the hardness of VM-Z and C-Z increased significantly (p<0.001). The HVs of the Cerabien ZR and Vita VM9 veneering ceramics were similar (p>0.05). In the XRD analysis, zirconia had similar tetragonal (t)-monoclinic (m) phase transformations of Y-TZP after the different firing times. Clinically, multiple firings did not affect the microstructure of zirconia, but the structures of the two ceramics were affected.

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“…In this regard, after aging, depending on the composition, zirconia shows variability in the mechanical behaviour due to different levels of t→m transformation zones [28,29]. The reduction in the resistance of zirconia appears to be closely linked to a more pronounced depth in the transformation zones [30,31]. However, the shape, size and location of the grains appear to have the highest impact on phase transformation in that larger grains are more easily transformed than smaller ones [10,22,27].…”

Section: Low-temperature Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Aging of Zirconium Dioxide: An Evaluation of Current Knowledge and Clinical Relevance

Özcan

Volpato

Fredel

2016

Curr Oral Health Rep

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Due to its superior mechanical properties, yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal is considered as one of the most promising materials to manufacture prosthetic frameworks, monolithic crowns and abutments for implants in dentistry. When stabilized in the tetragonal phase, the structure of zirconia can respond to external stress by increasing its toughness and resistance. Unfortunately, when subjected to humid environment, zirconia may undergo considerable degradation characterized by increased surface roughness, grain growth and propagation of microcracks that could be detrimental for its mechanical properties. This phenomenon, also known as low-temperature degradation (LTD), when not minimized, may represent a setback for the longevity of zirconia especially used for biomedical applications. LTD is studied in in vitro or in vivo settings employing different strategies. Present clinical studies however, with their shortcomings, do not signify high incidence of failures of zirconia for dental applications. The LTD of zirconia is currently being criticized based on laboratory testing which may be suboptimal. This review will highlight the existing knowledge on the artificial aging methods studying LTD in zirconia and their relevance considering clinical performance of zirconia prostheses.

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Influence of Low‐Temperature Environmental Exposure on the Mechanical Properties and Structural Stability of Dental Zirconia

Abstract: The LTD treatment induced the tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation with surface roughening in zirconia prepared using dental procedures.

Cited by 86 publications

References 33 publications

An overview of monolithic zirconia in dentistry

An overview of monolithic zirconia in dentistry

Effects of multiple firings on the microstructure of zirconia and veneering ceramics

Artificial Aging of Zirconium Dioxide: An Evaluation of Current Knowledge and Clinical Relevance

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