Influence of liquid manure application method on weed control in spring cereals

Rasmussen, K.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3180.2002.00286.x

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Increasing the N rate in the LMP soil class was most beneficial to the velvetleaf grown in mixture, as maize interference in velvetleaf decreased with increasing N rate (Figure 2). These results are congruent with previous studies that have demonstrated the reduced competitive ability of weed species at low soil N levels (Blackshaw et al 2003;Bonifas et al 2005;Dyck et al 1995;Menalled et al 2004;Rasmussen 2002). In maize, velvetleaf interference tended to decrease in response to increasing N rate in the LMP soil, but the effect was not significant (P 5 0.11; Figure 2).…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Integrating Management of Soil Nitrogen and Weeds

et al. 2011

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Knowledge of the soil nitrogen (N) supply and the N mineralization potential of the soil combined with an understanding of weed-crop competition in response to soil nutrient levels may be used to optimize N fertilizer rates to increase the competitive advantage of crop species. A greenhouse study (2006) and field studies (2007 to 2008) in Illinois and Nebraska were conducted to quantify the growth and interference of maize and velvetleaf in response to varying synthetic N fertilizer rates in soils with high and low N mineralization potential. Natural soils were classified as having “low mineralization potential” (LMP), while soils amended with composted manure were classified as having “high mineralization potential” (HMP). Maize and velvetleaf were grown in monoculture or in mixture in both LMP and HMP soils and fertilized with zero, medium, or full locally recommended N rate. In the greenhouse, velvetleaf interference in maize with respect to plant biomass increased as N rate increased in the HMP soil, whereas increasing N rate in the LMP soil reduced velvetleaf interference. In contrast, velvetleaf interference in maize decreased as N rate increased regardless of soil class in the field experiment. With respect to grain yield, velvetleaf interference in maize was unaffected by N rate or soil class. In both greenhouse and field experiments, velvetleaf biomass was greater in the HMP soil class, whereas maize interference in velvetleaf was generally greater in the LMP soil class. While soil N levels influenced weed-crop interference in the greenhouse, the results of the field study demonstrate the difficulty of controlling soil nutrient dynamics in the field and support a maize fertilization strategy independent of weed N use considerations.

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confidence: 93%

Integrating Management of Soil Nitrogen and Weeds

et al. 2011

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“…For implementation of more appropriate techniques, digestion of slurry and organic residues can constitute an important key technology by reducing solid concentration and particle sizes (Martin 2004;Masse et al 2004;Dahlin et al 2005). Direct injection of liquid manure has, additionally, a potential to improve the crop's competitiveness with weeds (Rasmussen 2002;Petersen 2005). A solid-liquid separation of the effluents after digestion should be a technique for further improvement of the NUE of the nutrients circulating within organic farming systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different manuring systems with and without biogas digestion on nitrogen cycle and crop yield in mixed organic dairy farming systems

Möller

Stinner

Deuker

et al. 2008

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Field trials were carried out between 2002 and 2005 to investigate the effects of biogas digestion in a mixed organic dairy farming system with arable land and grassland on nutrient cycling, nitrogen (N) uptake and crop yields within a cropping system comprising a whole crop rotation. Five treatments were carried out: (i) solid farmyard manure, (ii) undigested liquid slurry, (iii) digested liquid slurry, (iv) digestion of liquid slurry and field residues such as crop residues and cover crops, and (v) similar to iv, but with additional N inputs at the equivalent of 40 kg N ha -1 farmland through digestion of purchased substrates. The term ''manure'' is used in the present study to mean all kind of aboveground organic residues left on the field (''immobile manures'', such as crop residues and green manures incorporated directly into the soil) or added as stable wastes or effluents of biogas digestion (''mobile manures''). The total aboveground biomass growth and the overall aboveground N uptake of non-legume maincrops were higher in the liquid slurry manure treatment than in the solid farmyard manure system (?5% and ?9%, respectively). The digestion of the liquid slurry increased N uptake and crop yields only after soil incorporation of the slurry shortly after field spreading. The additional collection and digestion of field residues such as cover crops and crop residues, combined with a reallocation of the effluents, strongly increased the amounts of ''mobile'' manure, allowing a more focussed allocation of the available N. This led to an increase in the aboveground N uptake (?12%) and biomass yield (?4%) of the five non-legume crops, due to a better adapted allocation of nutrients in space and time. Results obtained with spring wheat showed that removal of cover crops in autumn, and their digestion, combined with subsequent use as manure in spring resulted in a better synchronisation of the crop N demand and the soil N availability, in comparison with a strategy where the biomass was left on the field as green (immobile) manure. The inclusion of external substrates led to a further increase of 8% in N uptake, but not to a significant increase in aboveground dry matter yields.

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“…Petersen (2001) and Petersen and Mortensen (2002) reported that nitrogen uptake and dry matter production increased, when the distance from crop row to fertilizer band decreased. Furthermore, the shorter the distance from the plant to fertilizer, the more vigorous is the plant growth (Cochran et al, 1990;Rasmussen, 2002). In the present study, the weeds grew more vigorously in IR than in BR by uptake of nutrients from the fermented organic fertilizer applied in IR.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Relationship Of Vcr With Weedmentioning

confidence: 44%