Influence of liquid accelerant on scaling behavior of stainless steel in fire: An experimental study

Xie, Dong; Wang, Wen; Duo, Shuwang

doi:10.1002/fam.2742

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…The results showed that the high-temperature oxidation rate of Q235 was significantly accelerated by kerosene combustion smoke. [7][8][9] Existing studies on steel oxide layers in fire atmosphere have primarily focused on smoke with temperatures above 600 C from accelerants. At an actual fire scene, however, a large number of combustibles made of hydrocarbons are present, but the corresponding impact of the burning atmosphere on the steel pattern evolution under high temperatures remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To analyze the impact of the atmosphere formed by accelerants on the steel oxide layer, Xie et al investigated the oxidation behavior of Q235 carbon steel in air and kerosene combustion smoke under high temperatures. The results showed that the high‐temperature oxidation rate of Q235 was significantly accelerated by kerosene combustion smoke 7–9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of the corrosion layer of Q235 steel in simulated fire‐scene smoke

Zhang,

Cao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Fire and Materials

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The ability to accurately identify fire patterns is the fundamental requirement for fire investigations. The corrosion layers of steel in fire scenes exhibit three distinct characteristics. First, due to steel's nonflammable nature, steel patterns can be preserved better at the fire site than patterns formed on other combustible materials; second, both the high temperature and the smoke during the fire affect the high‐temperature oxidation process; and third, the corrosion layer of steels inevitably undergoes further evolution after the fire because of the subsequent room‐temperature corrosion. This study focuses on investigating Q235 steel because of its extensive use in construction and vehicles. The pattern evolution processes of high‐temperature oxidation at elevated temperatures in air, polyethylene (PE), and polyvinyl‐chloride (PVC) combustion smoke and the corresponding subsequent corrosion at room temperature were systematically investigated from the perspective of macroscopic and microscopic morphology. The results showed that the smoke atmosphere played an important role in the formation of the corrosion layer of Q235 steel. Compared with samples oxidized in air, samples oxidized in PE combustion smoke exhibited a uniform and dense oxide layer on the surface, which inhibited the corrosion at room temperature further. The PVC combustion smoke accelerated the high‐temperature oxidation of the sample, and its influence on the subsequent room‐temperature oxidation process was closely correlated with the temperature of the high‐temperature oxidation. The results of this study provide important references for understanding the formation of the corrosion layer of Q235 steel for fire investigations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the corrosion layer of Q235 steel in simulated fire‐scene smoke

Zhang,

Cao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Fire and Materials

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“…Herein, the oxidation behavior of metallic materials present in the combustion atmosphere was used to judge the presence of the accelerants in a fire scene based on this theory. Previous studies demonstrated that the oxidation characteristics of carbon, steel, copper, aluminum alloys, and stainless steel materials may be closely related to the oxide properties alerted by the combustion byproducts in combustion environments 13 – 17 . Carbon produced during the combustion of accelerants can have a range of effects on formation of the oxide layer on metal surfaces and facilitates the inference of the type of accelerant present in the combustion environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of kerosene combustion atmosphere on the mild steel oxide layer

Xie

Hong

Duo

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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In arson cases, accelerants were usually used by criminals to achieve the purpose of rapid arson. Therefore, fire investigators aim to determine whether accelerants was used in the fire scene. Metallic material has to react with corrosive gas around it at high temperature and the oxidation products may store the information of reactants. Accelerants present in fire scenes impart some oxidative characteristics on metallic materials. The aim of this work is to figure out the possibility to identify the presence of accelerant in a fire according to the oxidation patterns of metallic material. This paper researched the oxidation behavior of mild steel at high temperature in a simulated flame environment. The surface morphological and cross-sectional microstructural features of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffractions, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis after oxidation. The carbon in the combustion atmosphere had a carburizing effect on the metal oxide layer. It was mostly C–C, C–O and C=O of organic matter could be used as in fire investigation. Various oxidizing atmosphere composite systems promote the formation of metal oxide layers. And bidirectional oxidation mode in the oxide layer further accelerates the oxidation rate. The (wustite) FeO phase was not found in the oxide layer because of the strong oxidation of the combustion atmosphere. These results offer complementary information in fire characteristics, which combining the characterization of surface scale with traditional chemical analysis of recovering ignitable liquid residues from fire debris are expected to offer crucial information for determining the presence of combustion accelerants at a fire scene.

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