Influence of lignin modification on the mechanical properties of lignin/PEO blends

Anagnou, Stavros; Milioni, Eleni G.; Kartsonakis, Ioannis A.; Koumoulos, Elias P.; Charitidis, Costas A.

doi:10.1108/ijsi-11-2015-0057

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the FIBRAL‐SPEC project, that ended in December 2017, various conversion processes for various precursor materials and the PAN‐based carbon fiber production were investigated [137]. During the project, the research focus was shifted to lignin‐based carbon fibers [138–144]. The focus of the project NEWSPEC was on electron beam crosslinking and subsequent carbonization of modified PE [145–147].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of polyethylene‐based carbon fiber manufacturing

et al. 2022

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Carbon fibers and their composites have attracted much attention in recent years and are being used in an increasing number of industries. However, due to the high production costs of carbon fibers and the complex manufacturing process of composites, their use in large series applications is still limited. The main cost driver in carbon fiber manufacturing is the production of the precursor fiber, with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) being the prevailing feedstock today. Approximately 50% of the production cost of carbon fibers is related to the precursor fiber. For this reason, the use of a new precursor material offers enormous cost-saving potential.Polyethylene (PE) is a promising alternative to PAN due to its high carbon content, low cost, high availability, and melt processability. This study reviews the research and development activities on PE-based carbon fibers. The manufacturing of the precursor fiber and its conversion process into a carbon fiber are discussed. The review also provides an overview of published information on concepts for commercial production of PE-based carbon fibers and various cost models.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the project, the research focus was shifted to lignin-based carbon fibers [138][139][140][141][142][143][144]. The focus of the project NEWSPEC was on electron beam crosslinking and subsequent carbonization of modified PE [145][146][147].…”

Section: Production and Cost Models Of Pe-based Carbon Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of polyethylene‐based carbon fiber manufacturing

et al. 2022

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“…This fact makes waste cotton fibres a favourable candidate as a precursor for manufacturing carbon fibres (CFs) [11]. Carbon fibre based industries and researchers express interest in search of the suitable, low-cost, and effective source of precursors to fulfil the industrial demands of CFs [12][13][14][15]; in the last decade, issues concerning environmental pollution and the increasing awareness of limited resources have motivated the scientific community to study and optimize renewable alternatives to traditional petroleumderived plastics, like biobased composite materials that are sourced from carbon-neutral feedstocks [14]. Towards this, waste cotton fibres are used as a precursor for qualitative and quantitative production of CFs through pyrolysis, an easy and industrially commonly reported method [16][17][18][19] for conversion of waste cotton fibres to CFs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards green carbon fibre manufacturing from waste cotton: a microstructural and physical property investigation

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The work presents the usefulness of cotton fibre waste as a source of carbon fibre (CF) by pyrolysis. Different pyrolysis temperatures were studied to assess the surface and structural changes during carbonisation. The structural and surface modification of fibres during carbonisation was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Raman spectroscopy. Lowpressure plasma employed for surface functionalization treatment in presence of oxygen was conducted. The surface modification was analysed and compared by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle analysis. Carbon fibre structural strength was studied using nanoindentation. The carbon fibres before and after functionalization revealed a significant change in surface hydrophilicity. In nanoindentation, the maximum displacement of carbon fibre produced at 400°C is higher when compared to treatment of 600°C and 800°C, for identical applied load, revealing lower resistance to applied load, while the carbon fibre produced at 600°C has the least displacement, i.e. higher resistance to applied load. Enhancement of material strength (through resistance to applied load) after surface functionalization is evidenced for the case of carbon fibre produced at 400°C and no effect for carbon fibre (both plain and functionalized) produced at 800°C.

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“…Due to the lack of nitrile triple bonds in the used polymers, a stabilization process may offer a conjugated structure of C=C and C=O via dehydrogenation, oxidation, and crosslinking reactions in order to enhance thermal properties. Furthermore, other bonds could be produced considering the interaction with lignin or other employed chemical processes [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Treatment of Melt-Spun Fibers Based on High Density PolyEthylene and Lignin

Goulis

Konstantopoulos

Kartsonakis

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The purpose of this study was the synthesis of novel low-cost carbon fibers along with the investigation of the optimal parameters of temperature and time for the stabilization of hybrid high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and lignin melt-spun fibers. These fibers were manufactured by physical compounding of HDPE and chemically-modified softwood kraft lignin (SKL) in order to produce green fiber precursors for carbon fiber synthesis. Stabilization tests were performed with respect to thermal treatment (physical method) and sulfonation treatment (chemical method). The results revealed that only chemical methods induce the desired thermal process-ability to the composite fibers in order to manufacture carbon fibers by using a simple method. This investigation shed light on the stabilization techniques of polymeric fibers in the absence of any cyclic groups in terms of environmentally-friendly mass production of carbon fibers using low-cost and green raw materials. This study facilitates incorporation of softwood lignin in homegrown polymeric fibers by a low-cost production process via melt-spinning of composite fibers, which were successfully stabilized using a facile chemical method and carbonized. Additionally, a comprehensive investigation of the thermal behavior of the samples was accomplished, by examining several ways and aspects of fiber thermal treating. The properties of all studied fibers are presented, compared, and discussed.

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Influence of lignin modification on the mechanical properties of lignin/PEO blends

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

A review of polyethylene‐based carbon fiber manufacturing

A review of polyethylene‐based carbon fiber manufacturing

Towards green carbon fibre manufacturing from waste cotton: a microstructural and physical property investigation

Thermal Treatment of Melt-Spun Fibers Based on High Density PolyEthylene and Lignin

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