Influence of Laboratory Compaction Method on Compaction and Strength Characteristics of Unbound and Cement-Bound Mixtures

Zvonarić, Matija; Barišić, Ivana; Galić, Mario; Minažek, Krunoslav

doi:10.3390/app11114750

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The detailed composition of t CBA mixtures is presented in Table 3. The rubber content is defined according to results, indicating 60% replacement, causing extremely high strength loss [31,32]. Rubber replacing the fine fraction complies with several other research papers [33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Prediction Models for Mechanical Properties of Cement-Bound Aggregate with Waste Rubber

Zvonarić,

Benšić,

Barišić

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The high stiffness of cement-bound aggregate (CBA) is recognized as its main drawback. The stiffness is described by the modulus of elasticity, which is difficult to determine precisely in CBA. Incorporating rubber in these mixtures reduces their stiffness, but mathematical models of the influence of rubber on the mechanical characteristics have not previously been defined. The scope of this research was to define a prediction model for the compressive strength (fc), dynamic modulus of elasticity (Edyn) and static modulus of elasticity (Est) based on the measured ultrasonic pulse velocity as a non-destructive test method. The difference between these two modules is based on the measurement method. Within this research, the cement and waste rubber content were varied, and the mechanical properties were determined for three curing periods. The Edyn was measured using the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), while the Est was determined using three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D DIC). The influence of the amount of cement and rubber and the curing period on the UPV was determined. The development of prediction models for estimating the fc and Est of CBA modified with waste rubber based on the non-destructive test results is highlighted as the most significant contribution of this work. The curing period was statistically significant for the prediction of the Est, which points to the development of CBA elastic properties through different stages during the cement-hydration process. By contrast, the curing period was not statistically significant when estimating the fc, resulting in a simplified, practical and usable prediction model.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The detailed composition of the tested CBA mixtures is presented in Table 3. The rubber content is defined according to previous results, indicating 60% replacement, causing extremely high strength loss [31,32]. static modulus of elasticity was observed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction Models for Mechanical Properties of Cement-Bound Aggregate with Waste Rubber

Zvonarić,

Benšić,

Barišić

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…Sustainability 2021, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 18 methods [27]. The VCM is also used to prepare unbound graded aggregates.…”

Section: Soil-rock Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical properties ratio between the laboratory cement-stabilized macadam specimen prepared by the VCM and the on-site specimens is over 90% [26]. In addition, Zvonaric et al used laboratory vibration compaction methods to study the factors affecting the compaction and strength characteristics of unbonded and cement-bound mixtures and proposed that the compaction and strength characteristics are significantly different due to different compaction methods [27]. The VCM is also used to prepare unbound graded aggregates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Properties of Soil–Rock Mixture Prepared by the Laboratory Vibration Compaction Method

Dai³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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This paper presents a study of the properties of soil–rock mixtures (SRM) prepared by the vibration compaction method. First, the results of laboratory experiments and field tests are compared to determine the reasonable parameters of the vibration compaction method (VCM) for soil–rock mixtures. The compaction characteristics, CBR, and resilient modulus of the laboratory-prepared soil–rock mixtures by the static pressure compaction method (SPCM) and vibration compaction method are compared. The effects of the soil to rock ratio and the maximum particle size and gradation on the compaction characteristic, resilient modulus and CBR of soil–rock mixtures prepared by the vibration compaction method are investigated. Finally, field measurements are subsequently conducted to validate the laboratory investigations. The results show that the reasonable vibration frequency, exciting force, and static surface pressure of the vibration compactor for soil–rock mixtures are recommended as 25 Hz, 5.3 kN, and 154.0~163.2 kPa, respectively. Soil–rock mixtures prepared by vibration compaction method has smaller optimum water content and gradation variation and larger density than specimens prepared by the static pressure compaction method, and the CBR and resilient modulus are 1.46 ± 0.02 and 1.16 ± 0.03 times those of specimens prepared by the static pressure compaction method, respectively. The ratio of soil to rock, followed by the maximum particle size, lead obvious influences on the properties of soil–rock mixtures. Moreover, the results show that the CBR and resilient modulus of soil–rock mixtures prepared by vibration compaction method have a correlation of 86.9% and 89.1% with the field tests, respectively, which is higher than the static pressure compaction method.

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“…For example, the size and shape of the mould used in specimen preparation can have an impact on the maximum dry unit weight and optimum water content (Qian et al, 2020). Similarly, compaction effort, soil temperature, fines content, and other variables can also influence these parameters (Lachgueur et al, 2021;Zvonarić et al, 2021). One of the factors that has not been extensively studied is the effect of water content change path during specimen preparation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of water content change path on laboratory and field compaction of lime stabilized expansive soil

Guo,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Generally, the soil requires to be compacted in highway construction. The expansive soil is a special type of soil that is highly susceptible to variations in water content, which affects the degree of compaction at the same compaction energy. In the present study, a series of wet compaction tests and dry compaction tests were carried out in the laboratory. Laboratory test results show that dry compaction will produce a higher optimum water content and a higher maximum dry unit weight compared to wet compaction, because its matric suction is smaller. Field compaction tests were also conducted, the results showed that there might be a risk of under-compacting soils during construction caused by different water content change path in actual field conditions.

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Influence of Laboratory Compaction Method on Compaction and Strength Characteristics of Unbound and Cement-Bound Mixtures

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Prediction Models for Mechanical Properties of Cement-Bound Aggregate with Waste Rubber

Prediction Models for Mechanical Properties of Cement-Bound Aggregate with Waste Rubber

Characterization of Properties of Soil–Rock Mixture Prepared by the Laboratory Vibration Compaction Method

Effects of water content change path on laboratory and field compaction of lime stabilized expansive soil

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