Influence of L-lysine amino acid on the HIV-1 RNA replication <i>in vitro</i>

Butorov, Evgeny Vlad

doi:10.1177/2040206614566582

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…The findings from previous studies seem to support our hypothesis. In particular, we found that the L-lysine amino acid levels were negatively correlated with viral load [ 93 ] and the excess of this amino acid in plasma samples leads to active HIV replication in vitro [ 94 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma L-Carnitine and L-Lysine Concentrations in HIV-Infected Patients

Butorov¹

2017

Open Biochem J.

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Background:Virus infections are associated with significant alterations in host cells amino acids profiles that support biosynthetic demands necessary for production of viral progeny. Amino acids play an important role in the pathogenesis of all virus-related infections both as basic substrates for protein synthesis and as regulators in many metabolic pathways.Objective:Our aim was to determine the changes in plasma L-carnitine levels and its amino acid precursor (L-lysine) in HIV-infected patients.Methods:We performed a case-control study of 430 HIV-1 infected males (non-vegetarians) without any restriction in the nourishment, before highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and 125 HIV-1 subjects after the introduction of HAART who were periodically monitored in the Municipal Center of HIV/AIDS prophylaxis, Surgut, Russian FederationResults:The plasma total (TC) and free (FC) L-carnitine concentrations markedly decreased with the clinical stages of HIV infection. The mean plasma TC, FC and L-lysine levels were significantly lower in asymptomatic stage (A) and advanced CDC stages (B, C) HIV-infected patients compared with our reference values. The total and free L-carnitine and its amino acid precursor concentrations mild increased in HIV-infected subjects after the introduction of HAART.Our data revealed that L-lysine amino acid and its derivative (TC) levels were negatively correlated with viral load and inversely with CD4 count lymphocytes in the total cohort.Conclusion:The study results show that there was evidence for an association between plasma L-carnitine, L-lysine and HIV-1 RNA levels, immunological markers and clinical stages of HIV infection. The obtained data indicate that level changes of these host essential nutritional elements can play an important role in the HIV life cycle. These findings are important for understanding the pathophysiology of HIV infection and must be considered in further research for the development of new approaches in the treatment of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma L-Carnitine and L-Lysine Concentrations in HIV-Infected Patients

Butorov¹

2017

Open Biochem J.

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“…Lysine is another amino acid that has been shown to play an important role on viral infections. It is essential for the replication of viruses and progression of infections [ 57 , 58 , 59 ]. The extra- and intracellular concentrations of l -lysine amino acid play a limiting role in the synthesis of the virus proteins and in transcription initiation of the retrovirus life cycle, and the deficiency of this essential nutritional element can reduce viral load [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have demonstrated serious changes in plasmatic concentrations of l -lysine in HIV-infected patients, where it was found that plasma concentrations of l -lysine were negatively correlated with HIV-1 RNA levels and inversely with CD4 lymphocytes count. Therefore, an excess of l -lysine concentration leads to active HIV replication and reduces the concentration of plasma amino acid [ 59 , 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs and Mammarenaviruses: Modulating Cellular Metabolism

Fernandes

Miranda

Lemos

et al. 2020

Cells

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Mammarenaviruses are a diverse genus of emerging viruses that include several causative agents of severe viral hemorrhagic fevers with high mortality in humans. Although these viruses share many similarities, important differences with regard to pathogenicity, type of immune response, and molecular mechanisms during virus infection are different between and within New World and Old World viral infections. Viruses rely exclusively on the host cellular machinery to translate their genome, and therefore to replicate and propagate. miRNAs are the crucial factor in diverse biological processes such as antiviral defense, oncogenesis, and cell development. The viral infection can exert a profound impact on the cellular miRNA expression profile, and numerous RNA viruses have been reported to interact directly with cellular miRNAs and/or to use these miRNAs to augment their replication potential. Our present study indicates that mammarenavirus infection induces metabolic reprogramming of host cells, probably manipulating cellular microRNAs. A number of metabolic pathways, including valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, d-Glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism, thiamine metabolism, and pools of several amino acids were impacted by the predicted miRNAs that would no longer regulate these pathways. A deeper understanding of mechanisms by which mammarenaviruses handle these signaling pathways is critical for understanding the virus/host interactions and potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets, through the inhibition of specific pathologic metabolic pathways.

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“…These results suggest that the antiviral activity of TSV-LAO does not affect infected cells via generation of hydrogen peroxide but rather by intermediate product or substrate depletion. L-Lys excess is characterized by a significant increase in HIV-1 RNA copies in enriched peripheral blood mononuclear cell fractions of HIV-infected patients and the copy number did not increase after adding L-Lys with LysOX in the plasma samples (Butorov 2015 ). Therefore, we consider that LysOX is a suitable antiviral as well as antibacterial agent.…”

Section: Perspectives For Possible Biomedical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial properties of L-amino acid oxidase: biochemical features and biomedical applications

Kasai

Nakano

Ohishi

et al. 2021

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Mucus layer that covers the body surface of various animal functions as a defense barrier against microbes, environmental xenobiotics, and predators. Previous studies have reported that L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO), present in several animal fluids, has potent properties against pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and parasites. LAAO catalyzes the oxidative deamination of specific L-amino acids with the generation of hydrogen peroxide and L-amino acid metabolites. Further, the generated hydrogen peroxide is involved in oxidation (direct effect) while the metabolites activate immune responses (indirect effect). Therefore, LAAO exhibits two different mechanisms of bioactivation. Previously, we described the selective, specific, and local oxidative and potent antibacterial actions of various LAAOs as potential therapeutic strategies. In this review, we focus on their biochemical features, enzymatic regulations, and biomedical applications with a view of describing their probable role as biochemical agents and biomarkers for microbial infections, cancer, and autoimmune-mediated diseases. We consider that LAAOs hold implications in biomedicine owing to their antimicrobial activity wherein they can be used in treatment of infectious diseases and as diagnostic biomarkers in the above-mentioned diseased conditions. Key points •Focus on biochemical features, enzymatic regulation, and biomedical applications of LAAOs. •Mechanisms of antimicrobial activity, inflammatory regulation, and immune responses of LAAOs. •Potential biomedical application as an antimicrobial and anti-infection agent, and disease biomarker.

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Influence of L-lysine amino acid on the HIV-1 RNA replication in vitro

Cited by 13 publications

References 56 publications

Plasma L-Carnitine and L-Lysine Concentrations in HIV-Infected Patients

Plasma L-Carnitine and L-Lysine Concentrations in HIV-Infected Patients

MicroRNAs and Mammarenaviruses: Modulating Cellular Metabolism

Antimicrobial properties of L-amino acid oxidase: biochemical features and biomedical applications

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