Influence of kinetin on protochlorophyll(ide) accumulation and on the Shibata shift in Raphanus seedlings

Buschmann, Claus; Sironval, C.

doi:10.1007/bf00387137

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…2). The higher portion of the phototransformable form of protochlorophyll(ide) in etiolated radish seedlings treated with kinetin has already been demonstrated by in viuo absorption and fluorescence spectra analysis (Buschmann and Sironval, 1978). The higher protochlorophyll(ide) content after cytokinin enhanced Chl concentration after 6 h of illumination (Fig.…”

Section: Responses Of Pigmentsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Exogenous application of cytokinins such as kinetint (6-furfurylamino-purine) or BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) has been shown to retard senescence (Noodkn and Leopold, 1978) and to stimulate cell division (Goodwin, 1978) as well as a variety of other physiological processes (Letham et a!., 1978). In radish seedlings, growth in the presence of kinetin leads to higher amounts of anthocyanins (Straub and Lichtenthaler, 1973), chlorophylls (Chl) (Buschmann and Lichtenthaler, 1979) and protochlorophyll(ide) (Buschmann, 1980), in particular its phototransformable form (Buschmann and Sironval, 1978). In addition, an increased P700 content, together with an enhanced Hill activity (Buschmann and Lichtenthaler, 1977), has been found in kinetin-treated seedlings.…”

Section: Introduoionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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THE EFFECT OF CYTOKININS ON GROWTH and PIGMENT ACCUMULATION OF RADISH SEEDLINGS (RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.) GROWN IN THE DARK and AT DIFFERENT LIGHT QUANTA FLUENCE RATES*

Buschmann

Lichtenthaler

1982

Photochem & Photobiology

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Abstract— The dependency of cytokinin effects upon irradiance was studied with radish seedlings (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Saxa Treib). Kinetin (6‐furfurylamino‐purine) or BAP (6‐benzylamino‐purine) were applied via the roots of plants growing either in continuous darkness or under high (90 Wm‐2) or low intensity white light (10Wm‐2). Apart from the different development of plants at low and high fluence rates, the following cytokinin effects were found: (1) Both cytokinins acted in a similar manner on growth characteristics and pigment accumulation at high and low light conditions, BAP being in many cases more effective than kinetin. (2) When compared with the control, the cytokinins suppressed hypocotyl and root lengthening in the dark and light‐grown plants. In darkness they led to increased cotyledon areas, whereas in the light the leaf expansion was suppressed. (3) In the etiolated and low light grown plants, the anthocyanin content of the hypocotyls was enhanced due to the action of cytokinins, whereas under high light the anthocyanin accumulation was decreased. (4) In the cotyledons of etiolated plants, more phototransformable protochlorophyll(ide) and more carotenoids were formed when cytokinins were present. In green leaves the carotenoid content was diminished due to the action of cytokinins, particularly in plants grown in strong light. The chlorophyll a/b ratio was increased in the cytokinin‐treated plants in most cases. The results suggest a light dependency of the cytokinin effects. It is believed that the response of a plant towards exogenously applied cytokinins is similar to that with high intensity light.

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Section: Responses Of Pigmentsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introduoionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE EFFECT OF CYTOKININS ON GROWTH and PIGMENT ACCUMULATION OF RADISH SEEDLINGS (RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.) GROWN IN THE DARK and AT DIFFERENT LIGHT QUANTA FLUENCE RATES*

Buschmann

Lichtenthaler

1982

Photochem & Photobiology

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“…Both chloroplasts (28)(29)(30) and mitochondria (29,31) are target sites for cytokinin action. In barley, plastids (32) and probably also mitochondria are transmitted maternally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley: Evidence for the involvement of cytokinins in fertility restoration

Ahokas¹

1982

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The hypothesis of the association between an increase in cytokinin activity and restoration of anther fertility in mmi cytoplasm was tested. The following barley lines with Hordeum vulgare cv. Adorra nuclear gene background were studied: Adorra cytoplasm without nuclear restorer gene (fertile), Adorra cytoplasm homozygous for nuclear Rfmla gene (fertile), msml cytoplasm without restorer gene (male sterile), miml cytoplasm homozygous for nuclear Rfmia gene (fertile). Ethanolic extracts of root exudate were fractionated and bioassayed for cytokinins. Both the biological activity and the total quantity of cytokinins appeared lowest in the unrestored male sterile line. The total biological activities ofcytokinins in the three fertile lines were similar, but the quantities in the restorer gene carriers appeared lower. On the other hand, the restorer gene carriers, independent of the cytoplasm, showed 8-9 times more of a bound cytokinin. Because the bound form is evidently underestimated by the bioassay, the increase in the bound cytokinin fraction may mean even a higher total content in the Rfmla gene carriers than in Adorra without the gene. The bound cytokinin may be translocated more readily to distal organs (e.g., the anthers) compared with unbound cytokinins. Because cytokinins are associated with various ecophysiological processes, the rise in a particular form may explain the heterogeneous distribution ofthe restorer gene in wild barley populations in different regions of Israel.The msml and msm2 maternal male sterilities in barley were derived from two strains of the wild progenitor of barley originating from Israel (1, 2). The original strain carrying msml is homozygous for a dominant restorer gene designated as Rfmla (3). This msml-Rfmla system with the genetic background of a domesticated barley cultivar is considered in this article.Some genotypes of wild (4) and domesticated barley (5) are capable of partial restoration of male fertility. In partially restored msml plants, fertile anthers appear at the lowest florets ofthe spikes (5), which probably means that the agent for partial fertility is an acropetally translocated substance or substances. In previous studies (6, 7) a number of physiological features of unrestored male sterile plants could be explained as responses to decreased cytokinin level. Such features were increased chlorophyll a/b ratio, decreased carotenoid content, increased xanthophyll/,B carotene ratio, higher susceptibility to induced leaf senescence, anther protein instability, low amino nitrogen pool in the anthers, and increased rate of germinal root elongation of the seedlings. Respectively, the restored plants had features indicating normal or increased levels of cytokinins. Based on these observations, the hypothesis was proposed (i) that the carrier of the restorer gene has either a higher total cytokinin content or else greater amounts of one or more cytokinin types than has the noncarrier; (ii) because the Rfmia gene is dominant, it was probable that this gene would ...

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“…For etiolated leaves, the in-vivo fluorescence emission spectrum taken at room temperature has never been described in detail because of the phototransformation processes occurring during illumination. Low temperature spectra taken before and after illumination show changed fluorescence maxima which parallel the shifts in absorption maxima [9] (for radish cotyledons: [4]). At room temperature the absorption maxima changes of longlived intermediates can be found as in low temperature spectra with peaks shifted towards shorter wavelengths (for radish cotyledons: [2]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum at 691 nm represents a chlorophyll(ide) phototransformed from protochlorophyU(ide). Leaves of 6-day-old etiolated radish seedlings are characterized by rapid transitions of the different chlorophyll(ide) forms (measured at 77 K after phototransformation of protochlorophyll 0de ) [4] ). Within 5 min of observation the photo-transformation of protochlorophyll(ide) should thus be followed by further shifts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence induction kinetics of green and etiolated leaves by recording the complete in-vivo emission spectra

Buschmann

Schrey

1981

Photosynth Res

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Complete room temperature fluorescence emission spectra of green and etiolated leaves (Raphanus sativus L., cv. Saxa Treib, Hordeum vulgare L., cv. Villa) are continuously recorded up to 4 min after onset of excitation. In green leaves two emission bands appear, whereas in etiolated leaves only one band is observed. In both cases the emission intensity increases with time, the high-energy band of green leaves decreasing more rapidly than the low-energy band. This phenomenon can be interpreted in terms of energy transfer. During the observation time of the fluorescence induction kinetic no shift of the emission peaks is found within the accuracy of the apparatus (±2nm).

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Influence of kinetin on protochlorophyll(ide) accumulation and on the Shibata shift in Raphanus seedlings

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

THE EFFECT OF CYTOKININS ON GROWTH and PIGMENT ACCUMULATION OF RADISH SEEDLINGS (RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.) GROWN IN THE DARK and AT DIFFERENT LIGHT QUANTA FLUENCE RATES*

THE EFFECT OF CYTOKININS ON GROWTH and PIGMENT ACCUMULATION OF RADISH SEEDLINGS (RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.) GROWN IN THE DARK and AT DIFFERENT LIGHT QUANTA FLUENCE RATES*

Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley: Evidence for the involvement of cytokinins in fertility restoration

Fluorescence induction kinetics of green and etiolated leaves by recording the complete in-vivo emission spectra

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