Influence of Iwans on the Thermal Comfort of Talar Rooms in the Traditional Houses: A Study in Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

In traditional buildings many climatic strategies have been used to provide indoor thermal comfort in south and central parts of Iran. A common element is called an iwan. This study investigates the indoor thermal comfort of a room adjoined to a talar in a traditional house which has an iwan, in Shiraz, Iran. The data related to the temperature and relative humidity of the room are used to calculate the thermal comfort index of PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) by considering the following two cases: a talar room with an iwan and one without an iwan, by means of DesignBuilder software. For the purpose of validation, the air temperature and relative humidity of the talar room with an iwan were measured over 10 days and compared to the results of the simulation. Having a valid simulation, computation was conducted for the selected house in various cases for an annual passive operation of calculating PMV and PPD. The numerical results revealed that the talar room adjoined to an iwan located in the south front of the courtyard had relatively good conditions during the hot months, including June and July. In addition, it could provide fully satisfactory comfort conditions during August and September. According to the results, it is found that the iwan makes a talar room 62% more desirable for the hot months in comparison with a talar room without an iwan.

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“…Qu et al, 2021;Kükrer and Eskin, 2021a;Mabdeh, Radaideh and Hiyari, 2021;Nie et al, 2021;Rangaswamy and Ramamurthy, 2021;Saif et al, 2021a;Yılmaz and Yılmaz, 2021;Y. Qu et al, 2021a) 2 DesignBuilder (Chowdhury, Rasul and Khan, 2008;Tenorio, 2014, 2016;Adekunle and Nikolopoulou, 2016;Braulio-Gonzalo et al, 2016;Kwok et al, 2017;Martinez-Molina et al, 2017a;Stazi, Tomassoni and Di Perna, 2017;Beccali et al, 2018;Shaeri, Yaghoubi and Habibi, 2018;Lotfabadi and Hançer, 2019;Zamani et al, 2019;Muñoz González et al, 2020;Sadeghi et al, 2020;Shao and Jin, 2020;Zhao and Du, 2020;Al-Absi et al, 2021;Albatayneh et al, 2021a;Cao et al, 2021;Diler et al, 2021;Elshafei et al, 2021;Kükrer and Eskin, 2021a;Mabdeh, Radaideh and Hiyari, 2021;Saif et al, 2021a) 3 Trnsys (Theluer, Cordier and Monchoux, 1994;Nikolaou et al, 2009;Buratti et al, 2013b;Wang, Tian and Ding, 2013;Cappelletti et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015b;Yu et al, 2015a;…”

Understanding the challenges of determining thermal comfort in vernacular dwellings: A meta-analysis

“…In recent years, Asian vernacular case studies have been the most assessed in regard to indoor thermal comfort [3,7,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]8,26,27,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] (60% of the analysed research), covering a wide variety of humid climate locations, which may be due to not only the prevalence of vernacular architecture at these locations but also the extensive availability of case studies that retain their residential functions. These are then followed at a considerable distance by Portuguese vernacular dwellings [2,5,28], in a Mediterranean hot-dry climate, generally built with local materials such as earth (adobe brick, rammed-earth), stone and wood, and dating back as far as the 17th century, and Iranian vernacular dwellings [29][30][31], mixing earth, brick, and limestone, in a hot-dry and hot-humid tropical climate.…”

The Effect of Improper Interfering in The Historical Architecture on Energy Wasting (Case Study: Bibi-Roqayyeh House, Yazd, Iran)

“…They offer shady places during the summer afternoons [11,12]. Residents in Yazd were satisfied with the area of the iwan since it allowed connectivity with outdoor space while also offering privacy and thermal comfort [3,13]. Moreover, Sabat is an old urban component in cities with hot-dried climates.…”