Influence of Irradiated Pollen on Embryo and Endosperm Development in Kiwifruit

Production of Haploid Plant of ‘Banpeiyu’ Pummelo [Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.] by Pollination with Soft X-Ray-Irradiated Pollen

“…There were no significant differences in stainability and in vitro germination rates among the different doses of soft Xray irradiation. It has been shown that irradiation of pollen hardly affects stainability or in vitro germination in apple (Zhang and Lespinasse, 1991), melon (Sauton and Dumas, 1987), kiwifruit (Musial and Przywara, 1998) and cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) (Falque et al, 1992). In Citrus, Froelicher et al (2007) reported that in vitro pollen germination of Meyer lemon was not affected at irradiation doses of 0-900 Gy γ-rays.…”

“…The effect of pollination with irradiated pollen on fruit set, seed numbers, fruit and seed development has been investigated in many fruit trees, and the irradiation dose has been a factor (De Lange and Vincent, 1988;Froelicher et al, 2007;Pandey et al, 1990). Furthermore, the process of embryo development has been observed by histological analysis in various fruit trees (Musial and Przywara, 1998;Ogata et al, 2008;Peixe et al, 2000;Sniezko and Visser, 1987;Zhang and Lespinasse, 1991). It has been demonstrated that abnormal development of endosperm caused seed abortion in these observations.…”

Haploids and Doubled Haploids in Plant Breeding

“…al., 1990Chalak & Legave, 1997;Musial & Przywara, 1998mandarin Froelicher et al, 2007Aleza et al, 2009melon Sauton & Dumas de Vaulx, 1987Cuny et al, 1993;Lotfi et The production of maternal haploids stimulated by irradiated pollen requires efficient emasculation, which has in some cases been shown to limit its use because the method is too laborious. To overcome such an obstacle in onion, for instance, only male sterile donor plants were used as donor plants, but such lines, possessing cytoplasmically inherited male sterility, are of very limited practical use.…”

Endosperm response to pollen irradiation in kiwifruit

“…Embryological details, however, have not been studied by those authors. Musial and Przywara (1998) investigated seed development in kiwifruit cultivar Hayward after pollination with gamma irradiated pollen at doses of 700 and 900 Gy. Pollen germination in vitro was little affected by irradiation; however, it drastically reduced seed set, affected seed contents and induced formation of parthenogenetic embryos.…”

“…The morphological and anatomical details of endosperm development in Actinidia have been described by several authors (Viyaraghavan 1966;Hopping 1976;An et al 1983;Harvey and Fraser 1988;Musial and Przywara 1998). However, there is no data on the quantitation of endosperm nuclear DNA content in relation to morphological and cytological changes during the development.…”