Influence of Ions and Temperature on Aqueous Biphasic Systems Containing Ionic Liquid and Ammonium Sulfate

Abstract

Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) were widely used to form aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs). In this study, a systematic investigation involving various ILs was studied to provide more information on forming IL-ABSs. For this purpose, based on the IL cations, n-butylpyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate, n-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, and nbutylpyridinium nitrate, the influence of anions of the IL on forming ABSs was evaluated. The cation effect between 1-nbutyl-4-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate and n-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate was discussed. Besides, bimodal curves data of all the studied ABSs were measured and presented. The binodal curves were then correlated by the Merchuk equation with values of R 2 > 0.9966, which is widely used to fit the binodal curves. Moreover, the influence of temperature on ABSs was studied for [4-MBP]BF 4 + (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + water. The two-phase region in the diagram is found to increase as the temperature decreases.

Design of a Salt-Free Aqueous Two-Phase System Containing Butanol, n-Butylpyridine Dicyanamide, and Water: Equilibrium Data and Correlation

“…The solubility data were determined using the cloud point titration method. , A known mass fraction of isobutanol or n -butanol was put in a pure and dry colorimetric tube. Then, a syringe with a small needle was used to dropwise and slowly add the water until the system became cloudy.…”

Equilibrium Data for Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Formed by Ionic Liquid (1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Methanesulfonate, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride, and 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride) and Inorganic Salts (Dibasic Potassium Phosphate and Tripotassium Phosphate) at 298.15 K

“…Ionic liquids (ILs) are a group of salts that have low melting points due to their disordered crystal lattice. This group of salts has desirable physiochemical properties, like volatility, great capacity of solubilizing several types of molecules, high physical and chemical stabilities, nonflammability, and great recovery potential. − Accordingly, the ATPS formed with ILs have been widely studied lately, since they have the potential to replace the traditional LLE methods. − …”

“…The aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) are a viable alternative to the traditional LLE once their phases are composed mostly of water in the presence of other components that are neither toxic nor flammable. These systems not only provide a mild environment for the extraction of molecules like proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and other types of sensitive components but also have a low superficial tension, allowing an easier migration of the solutes among the phases. − …”

The Research and Mechanism of Extracting Vitamin B6 Using Aqueous Two-Phase Systems

“…ey have mild separation conditions, rapid balance processes, and high rate of product recovery. As a "green chemistry," ATPS now is widely used in the separation of protein [6,7], DNA [8], drugs [9], antibiotic [10,11], and metal ion [12]. So, we pay more attention to find a new ATPS to extract vitamin B 6 .…”

“…Parameters of equation(9) for the mixture of polyethylene glycol/isopropyl alcohol + ethanol + salt (Na 2 CO 3 /Na 2 SO 4 ) + water ATPSs at different temperatures.Figure 1: e binodal curves of the quaternary system polyethylene glycol + ethanol + Na 2 SO 4 + water determined at T � 308.15, 318.15, and 328.15 K; □ 308.15 K; • 318.15 K; △ 328.15 K. Effect of the Salts on Extraction Efficiency. e discussions above show that Na 2 CO 3 has a better salting-out ability than Na 2 SO 4 .…”