Influence of intestinal inflammation (IBD) and small and large bowel length on fecal short-chain fatty acids and lactate

Hove, Hanne; Mortensen, Per Brøbech

doi:10.1007/bf02065554

Cited by 74 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[86][87][88] As a consequence, luminal butyrate concentrations are expected to drop in patients with IBD. However, as reported above, luminal butyrate concentrations have been reported increased 78 or unchanged 79 in IBD patients. Therefore, changes in butyrate-producing intestinal microflora could affect the colonic mucosa homeostasis independently of butyrate.…”

Section: Changes In Luminal Butyrate Concentrations and Phmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…77 In children with UC and CD, Treem et al 78 reported raised fecal concentrations of butyrate, but decreased acetate concentrations as compared with age-matched controls. Hove and Mortensen 79 found no correlation between SCFA fecal concentrations and localization or activity of intestinal inflammation in either UC or CD. Overall, the results of these studies are contradictory and do not allow drawing conclusions about changes in butyrate concentrations in the colonic lumen of patients with active IBD.…”

Section: Changes In Luminal Butyrate Concentrations and Phmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Butyrate utilization by the colonic mucosa in inflammatory bowel diseases

Thibault

Blachier

Darcy‐Vrillon

et al. 2010

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

215

151

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The short-chain fatty acid butyrate, which is mainly produced in the lumen of the large intestine by the fermentation of dietary fibers, plays a major role in the physiology of the colonic mucosa. It is also the major energy source for the colonocyte. Numerous studies have reported that butyrate metabolism is impaired in intestinal inflamed mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The data of butyrate oxidation in normal and inflamed colonic tissues depend on several factors, such as the methodology or the models used or the intensity of inflammation. The putative mechanisms involved in butyrate oxidation impairment may include a defect in beta oxidation, luminal compounds interfering with butyrate metabolism, changes in luminal butyrate concentrations or pH, and a defect in butyrate transport. Recent data show that butyrate deficiency results from the reduction of butyrate uptake by the inflamed mucosa through downregulation of the monocarboxylate transporter MCT1. The concomitant induction of the glucose transporter GLUT1 suggests that inflammation could induce a metabolic switch from butyrate to glucose oxidation. Butyrate transport deficiency is expected to have clinical consequences. Particularly, the reduction of the intracellular availability of butyrate in colonocytes may decrease its protective effects toward cancer in IBD patients.

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Section: Changes In Luminal Butyrate Concentrations and Phmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Changes In Luminal Butyrate Concentrations and Phmentioning

confidence: 98%

Butyrate utilization by the colonic mucosa in inflammatory bowel diseases

Thibault

Blachier

Darcy‐Vrillon

et al. 2010

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

215

151

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“…In human healthy adults, no or low (0 -2 mM) lactate is detected in fecal samples (50,51) because the luminal lactate is absorbed by host and is also used as an energy source by other commensal bacteria (52)(53)(54). However, increased fecal lactate has been associated with intestinal malabsorption and colitis (55). It could also be of interest to measure fecal lactate in humans with short bowel syndrome because we have shown that their microbiota is deeply enriched in lactobacilli at the expense of other bacterial members (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Metabolic Activity of Streptococcus thermophilus on the Colon Epithelium of Gnotobiotic Rats

Rul

Ben-Yahia

Chegdani

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The thermophilic lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus is widely and traditionally used in the dairy industry. Despite the vast level of consumption of S. thermophilus through yogurt or probiotic functional food, very few data are available about its physiology in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The objective of the present work was to explore both the metabolic activity and host response of S. thermophilus in vivo. Our study profiles the protein expression of S. thermophilus after its adaptation to the GIT of gnotobiotic rats and describes the impact of S. thermophilus colonization on the colonic epithelium. S. thermophilus colonized progressively the GIT of germ-free rats to reach a stable population in 30 days (10 8 cfu/g of feces). This progressive colonization suggested that S. thermophilus undergoes an adaptation process within GIT. Indeed, we showed that the main response of S. thermophilus in the rat's GIT was the massive induction of the glycolysis pathway, leading to formation of lactate in the cecum. At the level of the colonic epithelium, the abundance of monocarboxylic acid transporter mRNAs (SLC16A1 and SLC5A8) and a protein involved in the cell cycle arrest (p27 kip1 ) increased in the presence of S. thermophilus compared with germ-free rats. Based on different mono-associated rats harboring two different strains of S. thermophilus (LMD-9 or LMG18311) or weak lactate-producing commensal bacteria (Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Ruminococcus gnavus), we propose that lactate could be a signal produced by S. thermophilus and modulating the colon epithelium.Streptoccocus thermophilus belongs to the group of the thermophilic lactic acid bacteria and is traditionally and widely used as a starter in manufacturing dairy products (Emmental, Gruyere, Parmigiano, mozarella, yogurt, etc.). Yogurt, which results from the fermentation of milk by S. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii sp. bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus), fulfills the current specifications required to be recognized as a probiotic product (1). The health beneficial effect of yogurt consumption is linked to the metabolic properties of S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus. As such, it improves lactose digestion in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) 3 through their lactose-hydrolyzing activity present in yogurt and in the GIT, thus reducing symptoms of lactose intolerance (2, 3).Yogurt cultures have been shown to induce other health benefits, such as reduction of diarrhea or allergic disorders as well as modulation of the immune system (1, 4). S. thermophilus is also present at high concentration in VSL#3, a probiotic mixture of eight different bacterial strains that possesses beneficial effects in several intestinal conditions (5, 6).Recent data indicate that strains related to S. thermophilus LMD-9 are among the 57 bacteria species found in the intestinal microbiota of 90% of 124 European individuals (7). In comparison with the overall human intestinal microbiota, S. thermophilus is a numerically nondominant species with variable levels...

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“…(23) Quanto a outros aspectos funcionais, sabe-se que os ácidos graxos de cadeia curta aumentam absorção de água e de sódio da luz intestinal. (24,25) Estudos experimentais imputaram à glicose hipertônica, fatores positivos na cicatrização de anastomoses. (19) Outras pesquisas em ratos concluíram que instilação de soluções com concentração elevada de glicose na luz do colo apresenta efeito protetor quanto a prevenção do aparecimento de neoplasias.…”

Section: Infiltrado Inflamatóriounclassified

Influência da irrigação de soluções nutricionais no colo excluso de trânsito intestinal: estudo experimental em ratos

Nassri

Nassri²,

Favero

et al. 2008

Rev bras. colo-proctol.

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RESUMO: A colite por exclusão é descrita como processo inflamatório que ocorre nos segmentos colorretais desprovidos do trânsito fecal. A deficiência dos ácidos graxos de cadeia curta vem sendo considerada como principal fator causal. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, em modelo experimental de colite de exclusão, a importância da irrigação do segmento desprovido de trânsito com soluções nutricionais na prevenção e tratamento do processo inflamatório. Método: Foram utilizados trinta ratos Wistar, machos, com peso inicial variando entre 350 e 500 gramas, submetidos à derivação do trânsito intestinal através da realização de colostomia proximal e fístula mucosa distal. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos de 10 animais segundo a irrigação do segmento excluso de trânsito ter sido realizada, empregando-se: Grupo SF: solução fisiológica a 0,9%; Grupo GH: solução de glicose a 50%; e Grupo AG: solução de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta. Em todos os animais, a irrigação do colo excluso foi realizada em intervalos de quatro dias sendo sacrificados sempre no 21º pós-operatório. Os fragmentos removidos dos segmentos intestinais foram corados pelas técnicas da hematoxilina-eosina e tricrômio de Masson. As variáveis histológicas estudadas foram: espessura da túnica mucosa, congestão vascular; infiltrado inflamatório e a deposição de colágeno. Os resultados encontrados foram submetidos a estudo estatístico considerando nível de significância de 5% (p< 0,05). Resultados: Verificou-se que no grupo onde se irrigou o cólon excluso com solução de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta houve menor congestão vascular, menor infiltrado inflamatório e menor deposição de colágeno quando comparado aos demais grupos experimentais. Conclusão: Os resultados do presente trabalho mostram que a irrigação de segmentos desprovidos de trânsito fecal com ácidos graxos de cadeia curta, encontra-se relacionada à melhora no processo inflamatório decorrente visto na colite de exclusão. Descritores

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Influence of intestinal inflammation (IBD) and small and large bowel length on fecal short-chain fatty acids and lactate

Cited by 74 publications

References 31 publications

Butyrate utilization by the colonic mucosa in inflammatory bowel diseases

Butyrate utilization by the colonic mucosa in inflammatory bowel diseases

Impact of the Metabolic Activity of Streptococcus thermophilus on the Colon Epithelium of Gnotobiotic Rats

Influência da irrigação de soluções nutricionais no colo excluso de trânsito intestinal: estudo experimental em ratos

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