Influence of Information Access on Organ Donation: A Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

IntroductionOrgan transplantation is the sole effective treatment for end-stage organ diseases. However, the availability of donor organs remains insufficient. This shortage is driven by several factors, with access to accurate information being the key determinant of an individual’s willingness to donate organs.MethodsA cross-sectional study based on anonymous surveys conducted from January to December 2019, categorizing participants into healthcare professionals and non-healthcare individuals. Data included willingness to donate organs, reasons for refusal, age, education level, and understanding of brain death. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.ResultsA total of 408 participants were included: 203 in the healthcare sector and 205 in the non-healthcare sector. Among healthcare professionals, 90% were willing to donate organs compared to 43% in the non-healthcare group (p<0.001). Non-healthcare respondents refused due to the fear of being alive during organ removal (74%), concerns about reduced emergency care (21%), and religious beliefs (5%). Despite these concerns, 88% acknowledged that organ donation saves lives and 95% recognized the gap between organ supply and demand. No significant differences in education levels were found between donors and non-donors, but healthcare professionals had a significantly better understanding of brain death (p<0.001). All respondents indicated that they would accept a donated organ, if needed.ConclusionHealthcare professionals are more inclined to be organ donors than are those outside the field. Misunderstandings among non-healthcare individuals contributed to higher refusal rates. Tailored awareness campaigns and educational programs could rectify these misconceptions, potentially improving donation rates and mitigating organ shortage crises.